Mechanical stimulation of extracellular vesicles secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation by activating the Wnt/β - catenin signaling pathway

作者：Hongwei Cui, Yan Wang, Dong Wang, Hui Zhang, Liyuan Zhou, Mengran Qin, Guang Li, Tiancheng Ma, Yanxin Li, Benchao Dong, Peichuan Yang, Zhibin Zhang, Ma Jianxiong, Xin-Long Ma · 发表于：Connective Tissue Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1080/03008207.2025.2565592 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、Connective Tissue Growth Factor Research、Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms

PURPOSE: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass, microstructural deterioration of bone tissue, and increased bone fragility. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are essential for bone growth and repair. Exosomes, which are key mediators of intercellular communication, participate in various biological processes. Although previous studies mainly focused on exosomes from non-stimulated cells during bone remodeling, this study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of exosomes derived from mechanically stimulated BMSCs (MS-Exo) compared to conventional exosomes in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). METHODS: An in vitro GIOP model was created by treating MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts with dexamethasone. A 10% strain was identified as the optimal mechanical stimulation intensity for generating MS-Exo. Cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8 and EdU assays, while osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were assessed with ALP and ARS staining. The expression of osteogenic marker genes was measured via qRT-PCR. The mechanisms of MS-Exo were further examined through transcriptomic analysis, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR, focusing on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its downstream transcription factor TCF7. RESULTS: The findings showed that MS-Exo more effectively reversed dexamethasone-induced suppression of MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization compared to conventional exosomes. Transcript...