Clinical outcome and immunophenotype of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) and relmacabtagene autoleucel (relma-cel) in relapsed/refractory large B-Cell lymphoma on Chinese population: a single-center experience

作者：Danqing Zhao, Jing Ruan, Chong Wei, Yan Zhang, Daobin Zhou, Wei Zhang · 发表于：Annals of Hematology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s00277-025-06541-5 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：CAR-T cell therapy research、Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment、Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders research

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting CD19 has shown remarkable efficacy for treating relapsed or refractory (r/r) large B-cell lymphomas, leading to the approval of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) and relmacabtagene autoleucel (relma-cel) in China. Despite these advances, limited real-world data exist for CAR-T therapies in Asian populations, and comparative outcomes between axi-cel and relma-cel remain understudied. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed real-world efficacy and safety data for commercial CD19 CAR-T therapies in 33 patients with r/r large B-cell lymphoma treated at a tertiary hospital in China. Baseline demographics, International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores, performance status, and genetic profiles were collected. Additionally, T-cell immunophenotypes were assessed in a subset of patients pre- and post-CAR-T manufacturing to evaluate potential associations with clinical outcomes. Clinical responses were measured using PET/CT, and survival was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS: Among the 33 patients (median age 53), 76.7% achieved a complete response (CR) three months post-CAR-T infusion. One-year overall survival (OS) was 72.3%, and the one-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 71.2%. T-cell phenotype analysis revealed no significant association between initial T-cell subsets and final CAR-T product characteristics. Axi-cel demonstrated a higher CR rate (100%) compared to relma-cel (61.1%) but was as...