Single-Cell transcriptomic profiles of peripheral blood immune cells reveal early monocyte and platelet activation in the transition from high-risk states to clinical sepsis

作者：Lanlan Sun, Peng Zhang, Haikun Zhang, Hailang Fan, Yansheng Li, Yaqian Zhao, Mengtong Wang, Yingdi Huang, Mingyang Liu, Dake Zhang, Xin Zhang · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-17078-y · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment、Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms、Immune cells in cancer

Sepsis, due to dysregulated host responses to infection, demands early intervention. Nevertheless, it is challenging to identify immune changes in the transition from high-risk states to sepsis, which remains unclear. Here, we profiled the single-cell transcriptome of peripheral blood immune cells in healthy controls, high-risk individuals, and clinical sepsis patients to characterize the transcriptomic reprogramming featured by the monocyte and platelet activation across sepsis progression. Particularly, a core gene set (S100A8, S100A9, IFITM2, IFITM3) showed significant upregulation in monocytes in both the high-risk stage and clinical sepsis. Moreover, platelets also exhibited early activation of coagulation and inflammatory pathways, notably sharing this core gene set upregulation. We further analyzed Single-cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from independent cohorts of very preterm infants with sepsis and elderly patients with diabetes. The consistent, early, and persistent upregulation of the S100A8/A9 and IFITM2/3 monocyte signature was strikingly observed across these diverse, high-risk populations. This study provides novel single-cell insights into immune dysregulation during sepsis onset, pinpointing specific transcriptomic signatures in monocytes and platelets emerging during the high-risk phase.