Measurement of the Inelastic Proton-Proton Cross-Section at $\sqrt{s} \geq 40$ TeV Using the Hybrid Data of the Pierre Auger Observatory
作者：Олена Ткаченко, Adila Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, Marco Aglietta, I. Allekotte, Kévin Almeida Cheminant, Alejandro Almela, Roberto Aloisio, Jaime Álvarez-Muñiz, Antonio Ambrosone, Juan Ammerman Yebra, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Belén Andrada, Luciana Andrade Dourado, Sofia Andringa, Lorenzo Apollonio, Carla Aramo, Enrico Arnone, Juan Carlos Arteaga Velázquez, Pedro Assis, Gael Flores Avila, Emanuele Avocone, Alena Bakalová, Felicia Carla Tiziana Barbato, Adriel Bartz Mocellin, Jose A. Bellido, Corinne Bérat, Mario E. Bertaina, Marta Bianciotto, Peter L. Biermann, Virginia Binet, Kathrin Bismark, Teresa Bister, Jonathan Biteau, Jiří Blažek, Johannes Blümer, Martina Boháčová, Denise Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, Luan Bonneau Arbeletche, Nataliia Borodai, J. Brack, P. Gabriel Brichetto Orchera, Florian Lukas Briechle, Antonio Bueno, S. Buitink, Mario Buscemi, Max Büsken, Anthony Bwembya, Karen Salomé Caballero-Mora, Sergio Cabana-Freire, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Federico Campuzano, Jorge Caraça-Valente, Rossella Caruso, Antonella Castellina, Fernando Catalani, Gabriella Cataldi, Lorenzo Cazon, Marcos Cerda, Berenika Čermáková, Alessandro Cermenati, Jose Augusto Chinellato, Jiří Chudoba, L. Chytka, Roger W Clay, Agustín Cobos Cerutti, Roberta Colalillo, R. Conceição, Giovanni Consolati, Matteo Conte, Fabio Convenga, Diego Correia dos Santos, Pedro J. Costa, Corbin Covault, M. Cristinziani, Carlo Salvattore Cruz Sanchez, Sergio Dasso, K. Daumiller, Bruce R. Dawson, Rogerio Menezes de Almeida, Eric-Teunis de Boone, Beatriz de Errico, Joaquín de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, João de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, Jaime de Oliveira, Danelise de Oliveira Franco, Francesco de Palma, Vitor de Souza, Emanuele De Vito, Antonino Del Popolo, Olivier Deligny, Nikolas Denner, Luca Deval, Armando di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes, Qader Dorosti, Joao dos Anjos, Rita Cassia dos Anjos, Jan Ebr, Fiona H. Ellwanger, Ralph Engel, Italo Epicoco, Martin Erdmann, Alberto Etchegoyen, Carmelo Evoli, Heino Falcke, Glennys R. Farrar, Anderson Campos Fauth, Tim Fehler, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Alexandra Ramos Fernandes, Mateo Fernandez, Brian Fick, Juan Manuel Figueira, Paul Filip, Andrej Filipcic, Thomas Fitoussi, Benjamin Flaggs, Tomáš Fodran, Antonio Franco, Milton Freitas, Toshihiro Fujii, Alan Fuster, Cristina Galea, Beatriz Eugenia Silva y Rodríguez García, Chloé Gaudu, Piera Luisa Ghia, Ugo GIACCARI, Fabian Gobbi, Fernando Gollan, Geraldina Golup, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Primo F. Gómez Vitale, Juan Pablo Gongora, Juan Manuel Gonzalez, Nicolás Martín González, Dariusz Gora, A. Gorgi, Marvin Gottowik, Fausto Guarino, Germano Pinto Guedes, Lukas Gülzow, Steffen Hahn, Petr Hamal, Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia María Hansen, Violet M. Harvey, Andreas Haungs, Thomas Hebbeker, Carlos Hojvat, Jörg Hörandel, Pavel Horváth, Miroslav Hrabovsky, T. Huege, A. Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, Mohamed Ismaiel, Petr Janeček, Vlastimil Jílek, Karl-Heinz Kampert, B. Keilhauer, Abha Khakurdikar, Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam, Hans Klages, Matthias Kleifges, Jelena Köhler, Frederik Krieger, Margita Kubátová, Norbert Kunka, Bruno L. Lago, Niklas Langner, Nicolas Leal, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Yago Lema-Capeans, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, Luis LOPES, Jon Paul Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, Dušan Mandát, Paul M. Mantsch, Federico Maria Mariani, Analisa Mariazzi, Ioana Codrina Maris, G. Marsella, Daniele Martello, Sara Martinelli, Miguel A. Martins, Hermann-Josef Mathes, J. Matthews, Giorgio Matthiae, Eric William Mayotte, Sonja Mayotte, Peter Mazur, Gustavo A. Medina-Tanco, Janning Meinert, Diego Melo, Alexander Menshikov, Carmen Merx, Stanislav Michal, María Isabel Micheletti, L. Miramonti, Megha Mogarkar, Silvia Mollerach, F. Montanet, Leonel Morejón, Katharine Mulrey, R. Mussa, Wilson M. Namasaka, Shefali Negi, Lukas Nellen, Khoa A. Nguyen, Gabriela Nicora, Marcus Niechciol, Dave Nitz, Dalibor Nosek, Alexander S. Novikov, Vladimír Novotný, Libor Nozka, Achille Nucita, Luis Alberto Nuñez, José Ochoa, Cainã Oliveira, Leo Östman, M. Palatka, Juan Vicente Pallotta, Shayoni Panja, Gonzalo Parente, Therese Paulsen, Jannis Pawlowsky, Miroslav Pech, Jan Pękala, Rodrigo Pelayo, Vincent Pelgrims, Luiz Augusto Pereira, Edyvânia Emily Pereira Martins, Carmina Pérez Bertolli, Lorenzo Perrone, S. Petrera, Camilla Petrucci, T. Pierog, Mário Pimenta, Manuel Platino, Bjarni Pont, Mohsen Pourmohammad Shahvar, Paolo Privitera, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, Michael Prouza, Krzysztof Pytel, Sven Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, Diego Ravignani, João Vítor Reginatto Akim, Alex Reuzki, Jan Ridky, Felix Riehn, Markus Risse, Vincenzo Rizi, Ezequiel Rodriguez, Gonzalo Rodriguez Fernandez, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Simone Rossoni, Markus Roth, Esteban Roulet, Adrian C. Rovero, ALEXANDRA SAFTOIU, Mohit Saharan, Francesco Salamida, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Gaetano Salina, Pranav Sampathkumar, Nicolas San Martin, Jose Sanabria Gomez, Federico Andrés Sánchez, Edivaldo Moura Santos, Eva Santos, Fred Sarazin, Raul Sarmento, Ricardo Sato, Pierpaolo Savina, Viviana Scherini, H. Schieler, Martin Schimassek, Michael Schimp, David Richard Schmidt, Olaf Scholten, Harm Schoorlemmer, Petr Schovanek, Frank Schröder, Josina Schulte, Tobias Schulz, Sergio J Sciutto, Marina Scornavacche, Adrian Sedoski, Alberto Segreto, Srijan Sehgal, Shima Ujjani Shivashankara, Günter Sigl, Katarína Simkova, Frank Simon, Radomir Šmída, Paul Sommers, Ruben Squartini, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Samo Stanič, Jarosław Stasielak, Patrick Stassi, Simon Strähnz, Maximilian Straub, Tiina Suomijärvi, Alberto Daniel Supanitsky, Zuzana Svozilikova, Karolina Syrokvas, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Fedor Tairli, Matteo Tambone, Alex Adrián Reyes Tapia, Carla Taricco, Charles Timmermans, Petr Tobiska, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, Bernardo Tomé, Andres Travaini, P. Trávnı́ček, Matias Jorge Tueros, Michael Unger, Rukije Uzeiroska, Lukáš Vaclavek, Martin Vacula, Igor Vaiman, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, Laura Valore, Pim van Dillen, Enrique Varela, Veronika Vašíčková, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Darko Veberič, Indira D. Vergara Quispe, Stef Verpoest, Valerio Verzi, J. Vícha, Jacco Vink, S. Vorobiov, Jhansi Bhavani Vuta, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Alan A. Watson, Andreas Weindl, Melanie Weitz, Lawrence Wiencke, Henryk Wilczyński, Brian Wundheiler, Bin Yue, Alexey Yushkov, ENRIQUE ZAS, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.22323/1.501.0416 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena、Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Measuring proton-proton interaction cross-sections at center-of-mass energies above 40 TeV remains a significant challenge in particle physics. The Pierre Auger Observatory provides a unique opportunity to study the interactions at the highest energies through the distribution of the depth of maximum shower development ($X_\mathrm{max}$) observed by its Fluorescence Detector. In previous studies, the determination of the interaction cross-section at ultrahigh energies has relied on the assumption that the tail of the $X_\mathrm{max}$ distribution is proton-dominated, which restricts the analysis to a limited energy range below the ankle and introduces related systematic uncertainties. In this contribution, we adopt a novel method for the simultaneous estimation of the proton-proton interaction cross-section and the primary cosmic-ray mass composition using data from the Pierre Auger Observatory, avoiding assumptions about one quantity to infer the other and thus improving the accuracy and robustness of our analysis. In addition, a systematic shift in the $X_\mathrm{max}$ scale is fitted to account for both experimental uncertainties and theoretical constraints on the modeling of particle interactions. The obtained results are consistent with previous analyses and provide additional constraints on hadronic interaction models. The measured proton-proton inelastic cross-section at ultra-high energies agrees well with extrapolations of accelerator data. The inferred cosmic-ray co...