Anion Induced Electric Double Layer Compression and Desolvation Optimization Enable Long Life Zinc Anodes under High‐Rate

作者：Xiangyu Ren, Sibo Zhao, Fang Song, Shenghong Ju, Fuming Wang, Xiaowei Yang, Yunwen Wu · 发表于：Advanced Science · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/advs.202513291 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Advanced battery technologies research、Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

Abstract Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) represent a promising next‐generation energy storage solution. However, AZIBs suffer from severe dendrite growth caused by rampant Zn 2 ⁺ 2D diffusion and sluggish desolvation kinetics, thus exhibiting extremely short cycle life under high‐rate conditions. Here in, a novel additive DL‐O‐Methylserine (MeSer) is reported, which effectively optimizes Zn 2 ⁺ diffusion behavior and facilitates the desolvation process. Experimental and computational results reveal that MeSer − adsorption on the electrode surface compresses the electric double layer (EDL), thereby reducing repulsive forces within it. The decrease in repulsion further enhances Zn 2 ⁺ 3D diffusion leading to uniform deposition. Furthermore, MeSer − interacts with Zn 2 ⁺ located in solvation sheath, reducing desolvation energy barriers and improving rate capability. Consequently, Zn||Zn symmetric cells with MeSer exhibits superior cycling stability of 2320 h under 5 mA cm −2 and 5 mA h cm −2 and can endure extreme high‐current conditions (20 mA cm −2 , 20 mA h cm −2 ) for up to 600 h, such performance exceeds most of the previously documented results. The Zn||V 2 O 5 full cells maintained 86% capacity retention after 3500 cycles at 5 A g −1 . This work demonstrates the remarkable effectiveness of a simple EDL regulation strategy in enhancing AZIB performance.