Tumor immune microenvironment analysis in different pathologic responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

作者：Zhaofeng Wang, Yunchang Meng, Fang Zhang, Ping Zhan, Tangfeng Lv, Yong Song, Hongbing Liu · 发表于：Translational Lung Cancer Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.21037/tlcr-2025-17 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers、Immunotherapy and Immune Responses、Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Background: Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a major global challenge. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (IO-CT) has shown potential in improving survival outcomes for resectable NSCLC. This study aimed to investigate changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) following IO-CT or chemotherapy alone and identify immune biomarkers predictive of treatment response. Methods: B cells. The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and immune cell infiltration patterns was correlated with treatment responses, including major pathologic response (MPR) and pathologic complete response (pCR). Results: B cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), suggesting a pre-existing "immune activation" state predictive of treatment response. Conclusions: B cells and CTLs, may serve as predictive biomarkers for treatment response, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies and improved prognostication.