Design, Synthesis,and Evaluation of AntifibroticActivity of Nonsteroidal VDR Agonists Featuring 1,6-Naphthol as aCD-Ring Surrogate

作者：Yi Gao, Yue Wu, Chun Guan, Nuo Cheng, Tong Yu, Cong Wang, Can Zhang · 发表于：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c01753 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers、Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications

Abstract Chronic liver diseases activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), driving excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and leading to liver fibrosis. Despite being a crucial precursor to cirrhosis, effective targeted antifibrotic therapies are lacking. Activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been shown to effectively alleviate liver fibrosis, yet prolonged use of currently available steroidal VDR agonists can lead to hypercalcemia. To address this issue, we performed structural optimization targeting the CD-ring and conjugated triene moiety, while preserving the A-ring and side chains, yielding 52 novel nonsteroidal VDR modulators. Among them, compounds A17, B15, and B20 demonstrated favorable VDR binding affinity and potent antifibrotic activity in vitro. Notably, compound B15 significantly reduced fibrosis without inducing hypercalcemia in a murine model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis. These findings highlight the potential of these nonsteroidal VDR modulators and warrant further investigation as promising therapeutics for liver fibrosis.