Medicine‐Food Plant Polysaccharides Modulate Diabetes and Diabetic Complications Through Maintaining Gut Function: A Review

作者：Long Yi, Wangcheng Yu, Pingping Yang, Minxuan Xu, Jitao Ling, Yuting Wu, Xiao Liu, Liu Ouyang, Yan Xiong, Jianping Liu, Yiming Gan, Jing Zhang, Peng Yu, Deju Zhang · 发表于：Food Frontiers · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/fft2.70122 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Diet and metabolism studies、Gut microbiota and health、Diet, Metabolism, and Disease

ABSTRACT Diabetes and its complications cause serious global health and economic burdens. Various medicine‐food plant polysaccharides (MFPPs) have garnered increasing attention due to their low toxicity, minimal side effects, and efficacy in suppressing hyperglycemia and reversing insulin resistance, positioning them as potential antidiabetic agents. These polysaccharides enhance gut barrier integrity, improve gut microbiota diversity, and ameliorate metabolic disorders linked to intestinal flora dysregulation in Type 2 diabetes mellitus, thereby achieving glycemic control. This review outlines the sources, antidiabetic mechanisms, and gut‐modulatory effects of polysaccharides from medicinal plants. Specific polysaccharides, including Astragalus polysaccharides, Ginseng polysaccharides, Pueraria lobata polysaccharides, and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, demonstrate the ability to repair intestinal barrier damage, prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis, and promote short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) accumulation. Additionally, the advantages of MFPP nanoparticles and their role in diabetes regulation via gut modulation are summarized. This review provides novel insights for designing dietary formulations for diabetic patients and serves as a reference for clinical applications of these polysaccharides as therapeutic or adjunctive interventions.