Global wastewater microbiome reveals core bacterial community and viral diversity with regional antibiotic resistance patterns

作者：Yueyang Yan, Xiaoyan Zhao, Xingxing Liang, Ying Xue, Qichen Niu, Li Dong, Xianqi Zhou, Yaoming Li, Shikui Dong, Yunpeng Gai · 发表于：mSystems · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1128/msystems.01428-24 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Bacteriophages and microbial interactions、Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts、Gut microbiota and health

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as global repositories for diverse and dynamic microbial communities, reflecting the complex interplay of human activities, environmental conditions, and public health challenges. Despite their importance, a comprehensive understanding of the global distribution, composition, and functional roles of these microbial ecosystems has remained elusive. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of bacterial and viral diversities in global wastewater systems by examining 575 sampling sites across 74 cities in 60 countries. Through metagenomic analysis, we reconstructed 12,758 non-redundant bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) spanning 70 phyla, with 4,499 MAGs representing novel species. Despite considerable regional variation, we identified a consistent core microbiome present across 70% of global samples predominantly comprising Proteobacteria. We further assembled 1.7 million viral genomes, revealing unprecedented viral diversity with over 1.5 million species-level viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs). Network analysis demonstrated that transport proteins play crucial roles in maintaining WWTP functional resilience against disturbances. Machine learning approaches effectively predicted continental origins of wastewater samples based on microbial signatures, confirming that microbial communities reflect local environmental and socioeconomic conditions while maintaining functional conservation. We observed significan...