Propagating 292 orbital angular momentum modes over a photonic crystal fiber with high mode quality and low nonlinear coefficient

作者：Xiaohui Wang, Hui Zhang, Xinchen Ji, Liang Xu, Jiawei Rui, Zhiang Gao, Chenglong Jiang, Yingxiong Song, Fufei Pang, Liyun Zhuang, Song Yang, Y. L. Ju, Xiaofeng He, Yinshan Yu · 发表于：Physica Scripta · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1088/1402-4896/ae06ce · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics、Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics、Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors

Abstract A double-ring photonic crystal fiber (DRPCF) with two high refractive index ring is proposed to support and improve the stable transmission of more orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode beams. The proposed DRPCF mainly consists of an outer core ring (OCR) and an inner core ring (ICR), where the OCR has two layers and is prepared from two different materials (SF11 for inner layer and SSK2 for out layer). A finite element method is used to analyze the designed DRPCF. The calculated results show that the proposed DRPCF can support the stable transmission of 292 OAM modes from 1500 to 1600 nm, where the OCR can transmit 198 OAM modes and the ICR can transmit 94 OAM modes, representing the highest number reported to date for a single photonic crystal fiber (PCF). In the OCR/ICR, the effective mode areas and mode quality (MQ), chromatic dispersion (CD), confinement loss (CL) of all supported vector modes by the proposed DRPCF are greater than 161/53 μ m 2 , greater than 94.4/94.6%, less than 474/668 ps nm −1 km −1 , less than 10 − 11 / 10 − 12 dBm − 1 , respectively. The lower CLs can be achieved in both the ICR and OCR, which facilitate high-quality transmission of OAM modes. Moreover, the 10ps walk-off lengths of most of supported modes are within the range of 10 3 to 10 5 m, which are beneficial for long-distance transmission of OAM modes. Additional...