Host Immune Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children

作者：Gang Chen, Xiuchang Ma, Jinhuan Wu, Yi Yan, Wenxian Qian, Apeng Chen, Changhua Yi, Man Tian · 发表于：Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1111/irv.70156 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Respiratory viral infections research、Viral Infections and Vectors、Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the leading causes of severe respiratory diseases in children, especially in infants. The immune responses induced by RSV infection are a fairly complex process that can contribute significantly to disease severity. Despite decades of research on RSV, many immune mechanisms remain to be explored. A full exploration of these immune responses can contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic and prophylactic approaches. Despite significant advancements in vaccine development and monoclonal antibody research, effective therapeutic options remain limited. This review focuses on how the immune system reacts when children contract the respiratory syncytial virus. We describe the biological characteristics of RSV, viral-cell interactions, immune evasion, innate immunity (including pattern recognition receptors and inflammatory cells), and adaptive immunity (including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and humoral immune response). Understanding the complicated immune response to RSV infection is essential for developing effective interventions and vaccine developments. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) on the immune system and to contribute to the advancement of practical therapeutic strategies.