Tire wear particles (TWPs) induced toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by affecting osmotic regulation, redox homeostasis, photosynthesis, and microbial density

作者：Yujia Liu, Yuting Sui, Fasih Ullah Haider, Shuxin Li, Mugen Peng, Peng Zhang, Bin Wang, Tianhao Liu, Tong Lin, Xiangnan Li · 发表于：Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118950 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Plant responses to elevated CO2、Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications、Seed Germination and Physiology

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are commonly found in soil environments; however, their impacts on soil ecosystems, particularly on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) physiology, remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TWPs at concentrations of T0 (control), T1 (0.05 % w/w), T2 (0.5 % w/w), and T3 (5.0 % w/w) on wheat growth, redox homeostasis, photosynthesis, and soil microbial diversity in contaminated soils. Results revealed that at 5.0 % TWPs, plant height, root surface area, root volume, root length, fresh leaf weight, 100-grain weight, and dry biomass decreased significantly by 22.6 %, 81.4 %, 76.0 %, 73.4 %, 85.6 %, 36.1 %, and 63.1 %, respectively, compared to T0 ( p < 0.05 ). These significant reductions in wheat growth parameters under high TWP concentrations suggest a potential decrease in crop yield and food security. Similarly, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicative of oxidative damage, surged by 66.4 % (leaves) and 68.3 % (roots) under T3 treatment. Antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves increased markedly: ascorbate peroxidase (APX, +162.9 %), catalase (CAT, +132.6 %), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, +112.8 %), and peroxidase (POX, +124.5 %), while glutathione reductase (GR) activity declined by 52.5 %. They also reduced the wheat stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate by 28.4 % and 37.0 %, while intercellular CO 2 concentration increased by 8.7 %. Higher concentrations of TWPs influenced the soil microbial diversity, as t...