A Novel Self‐Regulated, Non‐Directional Magnetic Thermos‐Brachytherapy 125 I Seed Enhances Anticancer Efficacy by Rescuing Immune Escape

作者：Bin Xu, Ye‐Ming Wu, Yifei Cheng, Lei Dong, Shuai‐Wen Ding, Sheng‐Rong Chen, Bin‐Da Chen, Ren‐Peng Yang, Weihua Zhang, Weihua Zhang, Yajie Wang, Weipu Mao, Fan Shi, Zhi‐Cheng Jin, Jian‐Jian Chen, Enqi Qiao, Yu‐Qing Wang, Jianchang Li, Peng Zeng, Chengwei Wu, Wei Zhang, Wei Zhang, Jinbing Xie, Jian Lü, Gao‐Jun Teng · 发表于：Advanced Science · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/advs.202508091 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism、Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Immune cells in cancer

Abstract Integrating mild hyperthermia (MH) with 125 I brachytherapy holds potential for overcoming treatment resistance and improving anticancer efficacy. Here, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with a suitable Curie temperature are constructed and incorporated with silver rods coated with 125 I to form composite seeds. In vitro simulations and in vivo validations demonstrated their effective performance in radiation dose and temperature control. Compared with traditional thermoseeds and previously reported MNPs, this composite seed exhibits direction‐independent and self‐regulated heating efficiency. Additionally, the titanium shell prevented MNPs leakage and enabled its repeated hyperthermia treatment capacity. Subsequently, the enhanced pancancer anticancer efficacy of the composite seed‐relied 125 I@MH therapy is confirmed through cellular and animal experiments involving liver cancer and prostate cancer. Further tumor microenvironment investigations based on a subcutaneous liver cancer mouse model identified that 125 I therapy recruited Cd274/Pd‐l1 + neutrophils and induced T‐cell exhaustion, leading to immune evasion and brachytherapy resistance. The addition of MH significantly reversed this effect, restoring the function of effector T cells (IFN‐γ + T cells) and activating T‐cell immunity. In conclusion, this study developed a novel composite seed with superior anticancer efficacy, which holds promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of malignancies, particularl...