Deep-sea ecosystems of the North Atlantic Ocean: discovery, status, function and future challenges

作者：A. Louise Allcock, Diva J. Amon, Amelia E.H. Bridges, Ana Colaço, Elva Escobar‐Briones, Ana Hilário, Kerry L. Howell, Nélia C. Mestre, Frank Müller‐Karger, Imants G. Priede, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Kathleen Sullivan Sealey, Joana R. Xavier, Anna M. Addamo, Teresa Amaro, Gayathra Bandara, Narissa Bax, Andreia Braga‐Henriques, Angelika Brandt, Saskia Brix, Sergio Cambronero‐Solano, Cristina Cedeño – Posso, Jon Copley, Erik E. Cordes, Jorge Cortés, Aldo Cróquer, Daphné Cuvelier, Jaime S. Davies, Jennifer M. Durden, Patricia Esquete, Nicola L. Foster, Inmaculada Frutos, Ryan Gasbarro, Andrew R. Gates, Marta Gomes, Lucy V.M. Goodwin, Tammy Horton, Thomas F. Hourigan, Henk‐Jan Hoving, Daniel O. B. Jones, Siddhi Joshi, Kelly Kingon, Anne‐Nina Lörz, Ana María Martins, Véronique Merten, Anna Metaxas, Rosanna Milligan, Tina N. Molodtsova, Telmo Morato, Declan Morrissey, Beatriz Naranjo‐Elizondo, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Steinunn H. Ólafsdóttir, Alexa Parimbelli, Marian Peña, Nils Piechaud, Stefan Ragnarsson, Sofia P. Ramalho, Clara F. Rodrigues, Rebecca E. Ross, Hanieh Saeedi, Régis Santos, Patrick Schwing, Tiago Serpa, Arvind K. Shantharam, Angela Stevenson, Ana Belén Yánez-Suárez, Tracey Sutton, Jörundur Svavarsson, Michelle L. Taylor, Jesse van der Grient, Nadescha Zwerschke · 发表于：Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104580 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Marine Biology and Ecology Research、Marine and coastal plant biology、Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies

The North Atlantic is an ocean basin with a diversity of deep-sea ecosystems. Here we provide a summary of the topography and oceanography of the North Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, provide a brief overview of the history of scientific research therein, and review the current status of knowledge of each of 18 pelagic and benthic deep-sea ecosystems, with a particular focus on knowledge gaps. We analyse biodiversity data records across the North Atlantic and highlight spatial data gaps that could provide important foci for future expeditions. We note particular data gaps in EEZs of nations within and bordering the Caribbean Sea. Our data provide a baseline against which progress can be tracked into the future. We review human impacts caused by fishing, shipping, mineral extraction, introduction of substances, and climate change, and provide an overview of international, regional and national measures to protect ecosystems. We recommend that scientific research in the deep sea should focus on increasing knowledge of the distribution and the connectivity of key species and habitats, and increasing our understanding of the processes leading to the delivery of ecosystem services. These three pillars - distribution, connectivity, ecosystem function - will provide the knowledge required to implement conservation and management measures to ensure that any deep-sea development in the future is sustainable. Infrastructure and capacity are unevenly distributed...