Global synthesis of apple pollination research highlights general pollen limitation and positive contributions of wild bees compared to honeybees

作者：Maxime Eeraerts, Julia Osterman, Péter Batáry, Alexandra‐Maria Klein, Matthias Albrecht, Georg K.S. Andersson, Andràs Báldí, Olivia M. Bernauer, Leah Blechschmidt, Eleanor J. Blitzer, Paulo A. V. Borges, Jordi Bosch, Katherine L. W. Burns, Alistair J. Campbell, Sílvia Castro, James M. Cook, Robin Daelemans, Bryan N. Danforth, G.A. de Groot, Kinley Dorji, Rita Földesi, Hannah R. Gaines‐Day, Daniel Garcı́a, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Michael P. D. Garratt, Andrew Gonzalez, Heather Grab, Claudio Gratton, Maren Kristine Halvorsen, Peter A. Hambäck, Bjørn Arild Hatteland, Olivier Honnay, Eva Hulsmans, Sandra Kaasen Vestheim, David Kleijn, Anikó Kovács‐Hostyánszki, Martin J. Lechowicz, Nicolas Leclercq, Yunhui Liu, João Loureiro, Rachel E. Mallinger, Leon Marshall, Ivan Meeus, Marcos Miñarro, Diego N. Nabaes Jodar, Adara Pardo, Mia Park, Robert J. Paxton, Néstor Pérez‐Méndez, Rafael Carvalho, Paavo Pirttilehto, Matti Pisman, Simon G. Potts, Nigel E. Raıne, James R. Reilly, Laura Roquer‐Beni, Ulrika Samnegård, Dara A. Stanley, Louis Sutter, Kyle Teixeira‐Martins, Simon M. Tierney, Ruan Veldtman, Nicolas J. Vereecken, Felix Wäckers, Timothy Weekers, Julianna K. Wilson, Panlong Wu, Kris Verheyen · 发表于：Journal of Applied Ecology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1111/1365-2664.70155 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Plant and animal studies、Insect and Pesticide Research、Plant Parasitism and Resistance

Abstract Apple is one of the most important pollinator‐dependent fruit crops worldwide. To secure high‐quality yields, it is crucial to know which, and to what extent, pollinating insects contribute to its pollination success as measured by fruit set, fruit weight and seed set. We perform a meta‐analysis of field studies conducted across multiple orchards on insect‐mediated pollination in apple cultivation, using raw data from 29 studies, totalling 532 orchard replicates. We assessed the extent of pollen limitation on different pollination outcomes and assessed the contribution of honeybees, wild bees and bee species richness to apple pollination. Across all studies, we detected strong evidence of pollen limitation for fruit set and seed set, but not for fruit weight. Honeybees were the most abundant flower visitors (average relative visitation of 71.9%) compared to wild bees; but when correcting for their pollination efficiency, the relative pollination contribution of honeybees was lower compared to their relative visitation (vice versa for solitary bees). We conclude that honeybee visitation rate did not influence fruit or seed set; yet increasing honeybee visitation had a small, negative effect on fruit weight. Fruit set was not influenced by wild bee visitation rate, whereas wild bee visitation had a small, but clear positive effect on fruit weight and seed set. Bee species richness had a small, positive effect on seed set; whereas it did not affect fruit set and fruit w...