Designing Protein-Based Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Applications

作者：Jian Cui, Keqing Wang, Zheyu Wu, Wei Sun, Tian Gao, Xiaochen Shen, Wei Wang, Yi Cao, Bin Xue · 发表于：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1021/acsami.5c10918 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques、Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery、Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties

Protein-based nanoparticles (PNPs) represent a versatile and promising class of nanocarriers for biomedical applications, offering inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and functional adaptability. By leveraging the diverse structural and chemical characteristics of natural and engineered proteins, certain PNP systems have demonstrated the potential to achieve precise control over drug loading, release kinetics, and targeting under specific design strategies, making them attractive platforms for therapeutic and diagnostic delivery. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the design of protein-based nanoparticles and their clinical translation by conducting an in-depth analysis of recent studies on protein nanoparticles, in conjunction with protein-related formulations approved by the FDA in the past five years. We outline the biological rationale for their use and examine key challenges─including stability, immunogenicity, and manufacturing scalability─that impact their clinical translation. Design strategies such as surface modification, ligand targeting, modularity, stimuli-responsive engineering, and computational approaches are highlighted for their role in overcoming these barriers and enhancing performance. We further explore applications across neurological disorders, cancer, infectious diseases, and diagnostics, illustrating the broad potential of these systems. Finally, we provide an in-depth analysis of the clinical landscape and ma...