Comprehensive Physiological and Transcriptomic Profiling of Triploid Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) Under Ammonia Exposure

作者：Xiumei Liu, Yancheng Zhao, Ke Han, Cuiju Cui, Yanwei Feng, Guohua Sun, Xiaohui Xu, Qiang Wang, Zan Li, Weijun Wang, Jianmin Yang · 发表于：Biology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/biology14091121 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies、Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth、Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms

Ammonia is a common toxic pollutant in aquaculture environments that poses significant threats to the health, growth, and survival of aquatic organisms. This study investigates the physiological and molecular responses of triploid Crassostrea gigas to ammonia exposure, focusing on the activation and regulation of oxidative stress and immune-related pathways. By integrating histological observations, biochemical assays, and transcriptomic analysis, we systematically revealed the oxidative stress and immune regulatory mechanisms in the hepatopancreas of triploid C. gigas under ammonia exposure. Results showed significant tissue damage in the hepatopancreas, disrupted activities of key antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, along with elevated MDA levels, indicating oxidative damage to cellular membrane lipids. Transcriptomic data further indicated significant activation of the glutathione metabolism pathway, with antioxidant genes such as GPX5 and GPX7 displaying a dynamic pattern of initial upregulation followed by downregulation, suggesting their critical roles in modulating oxidative stress responses and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Immunologically, ammonia exposure significantly activated lysosomal and phagosomal pathways, as well as multiple signaling cascades including FOXO, mTOR, and PI3K-Akt. Several key immune regulatory genes exhibited dynamic expression changes, reflecting coordinated regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and energy metabolism to main...