Carbon/High-Entropy Alloy Nanocomposites: Synergistic Innovations and Breakthrough Challenges for Electrochemical Energy Storage

作者：Li Sun, Hangyu Li, Yuhui Dong, Wan Rong, Na Zhou, Rui Dang, Jianle Xu, Qigao Cao, Chunxu Pan · 发表于：Batteries · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/batteries11090317 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：High Entropy Alloys Studies、Advanced materials and composites、Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques

Against the backdrop of accelerating global energy transition, developing high-performance energy-storage systems is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. Traditional electrode materials are limited by a single densification storage mechanism and low conductivity, struggling to meet demands for high energy/power density and a long cycle life. Carbon/high-entropy alloy nanocomposites provide an innovative solution through multi-component synergistic effects and cross-scale structural design: the “cocktail effect” of high-entropy alloys confers excellent redox activity and structural stability, while the three-dimensional conductive network of the carbon skeleton enhances charge transfer efficiency. Together, they achieve synergistic enhancement via interfacial electron coupling, stress buffering, and dual storage mechanisms. This review systematically analyzes the charge storage/attenuation mechanisms and performance advantages of this composite material in diverse energy-storage devices (lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc.), evaluates the characteristics and limitations of preparation techniques such as mechanical alloying and chemical vapor deposition, identifies five major challenges (including complex and costly synthesis, ambiguous interfacial interaction mechanisms, lagging theoretical research, performance-cost trade-offs, and slow industrialization processes), and prospectively proposes eight research directions (including multi-scale structural re...