Monolithic Silicon Photonic Transceiver for 160 km Multi‐Channel Quantum Entanglement Distribution in Fiber Network

作者：Yue Qin, Hongnan Xu, Hon Ki Tsang · 发表于：Laser & Photonics Review · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/lpor.202500973 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Quantum Information and Cryptography、Photonic and Optical Devices、Quantum optics and atomic interactions

Abstract Quantum entanglement transceivers (QETs) are essential enablers for scalable photonic quantum networks, supporting applications such as secure communication, distributed quantum sensing, and quantum computing. However, conventional QET implementations rely on bulk optics, consume high power, and suffer fidelity degradation over long‐distance fiber links. Here, a silicon photonic integrated QET is proposed and demonstrated to distribute multi‐channel quantum entanglement over standard single‐mode fibers across a span from 0 to 160 km, without requiring dispersion compensation modules and extra off‐chip spectral filters. This advancement is achieved through monolithic integration of interferometers, wavelength multiplexers, notch filters, and a tunable‐linewidth micro‐resonator photon source, which collectively minimize aggregate loss and optimize photon correlation time. The implemented system supports both time‐bin and energy‐time entanglement across three channels, exhibiting maximum Bell‐state fidelities of 95.55%, 97.63%, and 95.08%, and energy‐time interference visibilities of 99.17%, 99.40%, and 98.50%. Long‐haul transmission experiments demonstrate a 91% time‐bin entanglement fidelity over 80 km and a 95% energy‐time interference raw visibility over 160 km. Furthermore, a 24‐h stability test reveals an average visibility of 87.5%, even in the presence of polarization fluctuations. This work presents a scalable and cost‐effective QET solution for large‐scale pho...