Investigating the $$\mathbf {\text {p--}\uppi ^{\pm }}$$ and $$\mathbf {\text {p--p--}\uppi ^{\pm }}$$ dynamics with femtoscopy in pp collisions at $$\mathbf {\sqrt{\textit{s}}=13}$$ TeV

作者：S. Acharya, A. Agarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, Luca Aglietta, M. Agnello, N. Agrawal, Z. Ahammed, S. Ahmad, S. U. Ahn, I. Ahuja, A. Akindinov, Valentina Akishina, M. Al-Turany, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, H. M. Alfanda, R. Alfaro Molina, Bushra Ali, A. Alici, N. Alizadehvandchali, A. Alkin, J. Alme, G. Alocco, T. Alt, Anna Rita Altamura, I. Altsybeev, Jesús Ricardo Alvarado García, M. N. Anaam, C. Andrei, N. Andreou, A. Andronic, Evgeny Andronov, V. Anguelov, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, N. Apadula, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshäuser, C. Arata, S. Arcelli, R. Arnaldi, Jhoao Gabriel Martins Campos Almeida Arneiro, I. C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, A. Augustinus, R. Averbeck, Dmitry Averyanov, M. D. Azmi, H. Baba, A. Badalà, J. Bae, Y. Bae, Y. W. Baek, X. Bai, R. Bailhache, Y. Bailung, Renu Bala, Alberto Baldisseri, Bartosz Baliś, Z. Banoo, Veronika Barbasová, F. Barile, L. Barioglio, M. Barlou, Banajit Barman, G. G. Barnaföldi, L. S. Barnby, E. Barreau, Valerie Ramillien Barret, L. Barreto, C. Bartels, K. Barth, E. Bartsch, N. Bastid, S. Basu, G. Batigne, D. Battistini, B. Batyunya, D. Bauri, J. L. Bazo Alba, I. G. Bearden, C. Beattie, P. Becht, D. Behera, I. Belikov, A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria, F. Bellini, R. Bellwied, Svetlana Nikolaevna Belokurova, L. G. E. Beltran, Yael Antonio Vásquez Beltran, G. Bencédi, A. Bensaoula, S. Beolè, Yaroslav A. Berdnikov, A. Berdnikova, L. Bergmann, Lorenzo Bernardinis, Mihaela Gabriela Besoiu, L. Betev, Partha Pratim Bhaduri, A. Bhasin, B. Bhattacharjee, Sumit Bhattarai, L. Bianchi, J. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, A. P. Bigot, A. Bilandzic, Anna Binoy, G. Bíró, S. Biswas, N. Bize, Justin Thomas Blair, D. Blau, Mihail Bogdan Blidaru, N. Bluhme, C. Blume, F. Bock, T. Bodova, J. Bok, L. Boldizsár, M. Bombara, Peter Matthew Bond, G. Bonomi, H. Borel, A. Borissov, A. G. Borquez Carcamo, E. Botta, Y. E. M. Bouziani, Diana Catalina Brandibur, L. Bratrud, P. Braun‐Munzinger, M. Bregant, M. Broz, Giuseppe Eugenio Bruno, Valentin Dimitrov Buchakchiev, M. D. Buckland, D. Budnikov, H. Buesching, S. Bufalino, P. Buehler, N. Burmasov, Edith Zinhle Buthelezi, A. Bylinkin, S. A. Bysiak, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, M. F. T. Cabrera, H. Caines, A. Calivà, E. Calvo Villar, J. M. M. Camacho, P. Camerini, Fabio de Moraes Canedo, Stefano Cannito, S. L. Cantway, Mihai Carabaș, Aitor Amatriain Carballo, F. Carnesecchi, L. A. D. Carvalho, J. Castillo Castellanos, Matteo Castoldi, F. Catalano, Samuele Cattaruzzi, R. Cerri, I. Chakaberia, Pritam Chakraborty, S. Chandra, S. Chapeland, M. Chartier, Souvik Chattopadhay, M. Chen, T. Cheng, C. Cheshkov, Davide Chiappara, V. Chibante Barroso, D. D. Chinellato, Fabrizio Chinu, E. S. Chizzali, J. Cho, S. Cho, P. Chochula, Zuzanna Anna Chochulska, Deepa Choudhury, S. Choudhury, P. Christakoglou, C. H. Christensen, P. Christiansen, T. Chujo, M. Ciacco, C. Cicalò, Gabriele Cimador, F. Cindolo, M. R. Ciupek, G. Clai, F. Colamaria, J. S. Colburn, D. Colella, Angelo Colelli, M. Colocci, M. Concas, G. Conesa Balbastre, Z. Conesa del Valle, G. Contin, J. G. Contreras, M. L. Coquet, P. Cortese, M. R. Cosentino, Filippo Costa, S. Costanza, P. Crochet, M. M. Czarnynoga, A. Dainese, Gautam Dange, Meike Charlotte Danisch, A. Danu, P. Das, S. Das, A. Dash, Sadhana Dash, A. De, G. de Cataldo, J. de Cuveland, Alessandro De Falco, D. De Gruttola, N. De Marco, Chiara De Martin, S. De Pasquale, Rohaan Deb, R. Del Grande, L. Dello Stritto, W. Deng, Kyle Christian Devereaux, Geovane Grossi Araújo de Souza, P. Dhankher, D. Di Bari, Marcello Di Costanzo, A. Di Mauro, B. Di Ruzza, Batoul Diab, Raúl Arteche Díaz, Yanchun Ding, J. Ditzel, R. Divià, Ø. Djuvsland, U. Dmitrieva, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, B. Dönigus, Jan Michal Dubinski, Andrea Dubla, P. Dupieux, N. Dzalaiova, Tabea Maria Eder, R. J. Ehlers, Florian Eisenhut, R. Ejima, D. Elia, B. Erazmus, F. Ercolessi, B. Espagnon, G. Eulisse, David E. Evans, Sergey V. Evdokimov, L. Fabbietti, M. Faggin, J. Faivre, F. Fan, W. Fan, T. Fang, A. Fantoni, M. Fasel, G. A. Feofilov, A. Fernández Téllez, L. Ferrandi, M. B. Ferrer, A. Ferrero, C. Ferrero, A. Ferretti, V. J. G. Feuillard, V. Filova, D. Finogeev, F. M. Fionda, E. Flatland, F. Flor, Amanda Nicole Flores, S. Foertsch, I. Fokin, Sergey L. Fokin, Umberto Follo, E. Fragiacomo, E. Frajna, J.M. Friedrich, U. Fuchs, N. Funicello, C. Furget, A. Furs, T. Fusayasu, J. J. Gaardhøje, M. Gagliardi, A. M. Gago, T. Gahlaut, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Sarjeeta Gami, D. R. Gangadharan, P. Ganoti, C. Garabatos, J. M. Garcia, Tonatiuh García Chàvez, E. García-Solis, Sara Garetti, Corrado Gargiulo, P. Gasik, Hari Mohan Gaur, A. Gautam, M. B. Gay Ducati, M. Germain, R. Gernhäuser, C. Ghosh, Marco Giacalone, Giulia Gioachin, Sushil Giri, P. Giubellino, P. Giubilato, Aude Marie Camille Glaenzer, P. Glässel, E. Glimos, D. J. Q. Goh, V. González, P. Gordeev, M. Gorgoń, Kangkan Goswami, S. Gotovac, Varlen Grabski, L. K. Graczykowski, E. Grecka, Alessandro Grelli, C. Grigoras, V. Grigoriev, S. Grigoryan, F. Grosa, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, R. Grosso, D. Grund, N. A. Grunwald, Gabriel Garcia Guardiano, R. Guernane, M. Guilbaud, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, J. K. Gumprecht, T. Gündem, T. Gunji, W. Guo, A. Gupta, R. Gupta, R. Gupta, K. Gwizdziel, L. Gyulai, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Fakhar Ul Haider, S. Haidlova, Manas Kumar Haldar, H. Hamagaki, Y. Han, Brian Gerald Hanley, R. Hannigan, Joachim Hansen, M. R. Haque, John William Harris, A. Harton, M. V. Hartung, Hadi Hassan, Despina Hatzifotiadou, Philip Hauer, L. B. Havener, Ernst Hellbär, H. Helstrup, M. Hemmer, T. Herman, Sabrina Gabrielle Hernandez, G. Herrera Corral, S. Herrmann, K. F. Hetland, B. Heybeck, H. Hillemanns, B. Hippolyte, I. P. M. Hobus, F. W. Hoffmann, B. Hofman, M. Horst, Adrian Horzyk, Y. Hou, P. Hristov, P. Huhn, Laura Maria Huhta, T. J. Humanic, A. Hutson, D. Hutter, M. C. Hwang, R. Ilkaev, M. Inaba, Gian Michele Innocenti, M. Ippolitov, А. Исаков, T. Isidori, Md Samsul Islam, S. Iurchenko, M. Ivanov, M. Ivanov, Vladimir S. Ivanov, K. E. Iversen, Mirosław Jabłoński, Barbara V. Jacak, N. Jacazio, Peter Martin Jacobs, S. Jadlovska, J. Jadlovsky, S. Jaelani, C. Jahnke, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, M. A. Janik, T. Janson, S. Ji, S. Jia, T. Jiang, A. A. P. Jimenez, F. Jonas, D. M. Jones, John M. Jowett, J. Jung, Michael J. Jung, A. Junique, A. Jusko, J. Kaewjai, P. Kaliňák, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Ayben Karasu Uysal, D. Karatovic, Nikolaos Karatzenis, O. Karavichev, T. Karavicheva, Evgeny Karpechev, Maja Jadwiga Karwowska, U. Kebschull, M. Keil, B. Ketzer, JONATHAN KEUL, Swapnesh Santosh Khade, Ahsan Mehmood Khan, S. Khan, Alexei Khanzadeev, Y. Kharlov, A. Khatun, A. Khuntia, Z. Khuranova, Bjarte Kileng, B. Kim, C. Kim, Dong Jo Kim, D. Kim, E. J. Kim, J. Kim, J. Kim, J. Kim, M. Kim, S. Kim, T. Kim, K. Kimura, S. Kirsch, I. Kisel, Sergey Mikhajlovich Kiselev, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Jennifer Lynn Klay, J. Klein, S. R. Klein, Christian Klein-Bösing, Matthias Kleiner, T. Klemenz, Alexander Kluge, CHINORAT KOBDAJ, R. Kohara, T. Kollegger, Andrey Kondratyev, N. Kondratyeva, Joshua Leon Konig, S. A. Konigstorfer, P. J. Konopka, G. Kornakov, M. Korwieser, Sebastian Dominik Koryciak, Cornelis H. A. Koster, Artem Kotliarov, NADA KOVAČIĆ, Vladimir Nikolaevich Kovalenko, M. Kowalski, V. Kozhuharov, Grigory Kozlov, Ivan Kralik, Adela Kravčáková, L. Krcal, M. Krivda, F. Křížek, K. Krizkova Gajdosova, C. Krug, M. Krüger, Diana Mária Krupová, E. Kryshen, V. Kučera, C. Kuhn, P. G. Kuijer, T. Kumaoka, L. Kumar, L. Kumar, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, S. Kundu, Ming-Tse Kuo, P. Kurashvili, A. Kurepin, Alexey Kuryakin, S. Kushpil, Vladislav Kuskov, Monika Kutyła, A. V. Kuznetsov, M. J. Kweon, Y. Kwon, Sarah Louise La Pointe, P. La Rocca, A. Lakrathok, M. Lamanna, Stéphane Lambert, Aimeric Robin Landou, Rune Langoy, P. Larionov, E. Laudi, L. Lautner, Rafael Ángel Narcio Laveaga, R. Lavicka, R. Lea, H. Lee, I. Legrand, G. Legras, Johannes Lehrbach, Alexian Marc Lejeune, Tomasz Marcin Lelek, R. C. Lemmon, I. León Monzón, M. M. Lesch, P. Lévai, Mengran Li, Pei zheng Li, Xiaomei Li, Beatrice Eva Liang-Gilman, J. Lien, R. Lietava, I. Likmeta, Bong-Hwi Lim, Hyunji Lim, Sanghoon Lim, V. Lindenstruth, C. Lippmann, Dominika Líšková, D. H. Liu, Jian Liu, Gianni Shigeru Setoue Liveraro, Ingrid Mckibben Lofnes, C. Loizides, S. Lökòs, J. Lömker, X. Lopez, E. López Torres, C. Lotteau, P. Lu, Z. Lu, F. V. Lugo, Jens Robert Luhder, J. Luo, G. Luparello, Y. G., M. Mager, Antonin Maire, E. M. Majerz, M. Makariev, M. Malaev, G. Malfattore, N. M. Malik, S. K. Malik, D. Mallick, Neelkamal Mallick, GIUSEPPE MANDAGLIO, Sushobhan Kumar Mandal, A. Manea, V. Manko, F. Manso, Georgios Mantzaridis, V. Manzari, Y. Mao, R. W. Marcjan, G. V. Margagliotti, A. Margotti, Ana Maria Marin, Christina Markert, P. Martinengo, Mario Iván Martínez Hernández, G. Martınez García, M. P. P. Martins, S. Masciocchi, M. Masera, Alberto Masoni, Laure Marie Massacrier, Olaf Massen, A. Mastroserio, L. Mattei, S. Mattiazzo, Adam Tomasz Matyja, F. Mazzaschi, M. Mazzilli, Y. Melikyan, Maria Monalisa de Melo Paulino, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, J. E. M. Mendez, Elisa Meninno, Anjaly Sasikumar Menon, M. W. Menzel, M. Meres, L. Micheletti, D. Mihai, Dimitar Lubomirov Mihaylov, Andreas Ulveseth Mikalsen, Konstantin Mikhaylov, N. Minafra, D. Miśkowiec, A. Modak, Bedangadas Mohanty, M. Mohisin Khan, Mikael Andreas Molander, M. M. Mondal, Shirajum Monira, C. Mordasini, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, I. Morozov, A. Morsch, Teo Mrnjavac, V. Muccifora, S. Muhuri, James Declan Mulligan, A. Mulliri, M. G. Munhoz, Robert Helmut Münzer, Hikari Murakami, S. Murray, Luciano Musa, Jan Mušinský, J. W. Myrcha, Bharati Naik, Anjali Ila Nambrath, Basanta Kumar Nandi, R. Nania, Eugenio Nappi, Adrian Fereydon Nassirpour, Vlad-Iulius Nastase, A. Nath, Neal Nathanson, Christine Nattrass, Kirill Naumov, M. N. Naydenov, A. Neagu, A. Negru, E. Nekrasova, Lukas Nellen, Roman Nepeivoda, S. Nese, Nicola Nicassio, B. S. Nielsen, E. G. Nielsen, S. Nikolaev, V. Nikulin, F. Noferini, S. Y. Noh, P. Nomokonov, J. Norman, Norbert Novitzky, A. Nyanin, Joakim Ingemar Nystrand, M. R. Ockleton, M. Ogino, S. Oh, A. Ohlson, В. А. Окороков, Janusz Oleniacz, A. Önnerstad, Chiara Oppedisano, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, M. Oya, K. Oyama, S. Padhan, Davide Pagano, Guy Paić, S. Paisano-Guzmán, A. Palasciano, Iaroslav Panasenko, S. Panebianco, Pratima Panigrahi, C. Pantouvakis, H. Park, Jong-Han Park, S. Park, Jasper Elias Parkkila, Y. Patley, R. N. Patra, Pradeep Paudel, Biswarup Paul, H. Pei, T. Peitzmann, X. Peng, M. Pennisi, Stefania Perciballi, D. Peresunko, Guillermo Mesa Pérez, Y. Pestov, M. T. Petersen, V. Petrov, Mihai A. Petrovici, S. Piano, M. Pikna, P. Pillot, Ombretta Pinazza, L. Pinsky, C. Pinto, S. Pisano, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, M. Planinić, D. K. Plociennik, M. G. Poghosyan, B. Polichtchouk, S. 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Romanenko, Federico Ronchetti, Diana Rosales Herrera, E. D. Rosas, K. Rosłon, A. Rossi, Ankhi Roy, Subhadeep Roy, N. Rubini, Justus Arne Rudolph, D. Ruggiano, R. Rui, Pawel Grzegorz Russek, R. Russo, Anar Rustamov, E. Ryabinkin, Yu. G. Ryabov, A. Rybicki, Lucy Ryder, J. Ryu, W. Rzesa, Bianca Sabiu, S. Sadovsky, J. Saetre, S. Saha, Bhagyarathi Sahoo, Raghunath Sahoo, Dushmanta Sahu, P. K. Sahu, J. Saini, K. Sajdakova, S. Sakai, M. P. Salvan, S. Sambyal, D. Samitz, I. Sanna, T. B. Saramela, D. Sarkar, P. Sarma, Valerio Sarritzu, V. M. Sarti, M. H. P. Sas, Salah Sawan, E. Scapparone, J. Schambach, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Rainer Martin Schicker, F. Schlepper, A. Schmah, Christian Joachim Schmidt, M. Schmidt, M. Schmidt, Nicolas Schmidt, Austin Robert Schmier, J. Schoengarth, Romain Schotter, A. Schröter, J. Schukraft, Kai Oliver Schweda, Gilda Scioli, E. Scomparin, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Y. Sekiguchi, Daiki Sekihata, M. Selina, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, S. Senyukov, Jin Joo Seo, Dmitry V. Serebryakov, Leonid Serkin, L. Šerkšnytė, Adrian Sevcenco, Tebogo Joyce Shaba, A. Shabetai, R. Shahoyan, A. Shangaraev, B. Sharma, D. Sharma, Himanshu Sharma, Meenakshi Sharma, S. Sharma, U. Sharma, A. Shatat, O. Sheibani, KENTA SHIGAKI, Maya Shimomura, S. Shirinkin, Qiye Shou, Y. Sibiriak, S. Siddhanta, T. Siemiarczuk, Tiago Fiorini da Silva, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, T. Simantathammakul, R. Simeonov, B. Singh, B. Singh, Kamaljeet Singh, R. Singh, R. Singh, S. Singh, V. K. Singh, V. Singhal, T. Sinha, B. Sitár, Mario Sitta, T. B. Skaali, G. Skorodumovs, N. Smirnov, R. J. M. Snellings, Emilie Haugland Solheim, C. Sonnabend, Jory Sonneveld, Francesca Soramel, Analyce Bella Soto-Hernandez, R. Spijkers, Iwona Anna Sputowska, J. Staa, Johanna Stachel, Ionel Stan, Patrick John Steffanic, Tim Stellhorn, S. F. Stiefelmaier, Diego Stocco, I. Storehaug, Nicolas Justus Strangmann, Peter Stratmann, S. Strazzi, A. Sturniolo, C. P. Stylianidis, A. A. P. Suaide, C. Suire, A. Suiu, M. Sukhanov, M. Šuljić, Rishat Sultanov, Vikash Sumberia, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, L. H. Tabares, Seyed Farid Taghavi, Jun A. Takahashi, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Siyu Tang, Z. Tang, J. D. Tapia Takaki, N. Tapus, Lucia Anna Tarasovicova, M. G. Tarzila, A. Tauro, A. Tavira García, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Livia Terlizzi, Cristina Terrevoli, D. Thakur, S. Thakur, Morten Lybech Thøgersen, Deepa Thomas, Anatoly Tikhonov, N. Tiltmann, Anthony Robert Timmins, M. Tkacik, T. Tkacik, Alberica Toia, R. Tokumoto, S. Tomassini, K. Tomohiro, N. Topilskaya, Marco Toppi, V. V. Torres, Arianna Grisel Torres Ramos, A. Trifirò, T. Triloki, A. S. Triolo, S. Tripathy, Tulika Tripathy, S. Trogolo, Victor Trubnikov, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, T. P. Trzcinski, Christina Tsolanta, Ran Tu, Alexandr Tumkin, R. Turrisi, T. S. Tveter, Kjetil Ullaland, B. Ulukutlu, Sahil Upadhyaya, Antonio Uras, G. L. Usaı́, M. Vala, N. Valle, L. V. R. van Doremalen, M. van Leeuwen, C. A. van Veen, R. J. G. van Weelden, P. Vande Vyvre, Dezső Varga, Z. Varga, P. Vargas Torres, M. Vasileiou, A. Vasiliev, O. Vázquez Doce, Omar Vázquez Rueda, Vladimir Viktorovich Vechernin, Paul Veen, Ermanno Vercellin, Rahul Verma, Róbert Vértesi, M. Verweij, L. Vickovic, Z. Vilakazi, O. Villalobos Baillie, A. Villani, А. Виноградов, Tiziano Virgili, M. M. O. Virta, Alexander Vodopyanov, B. Volkel, Martin Andreas Volkl, Sergei A. Voloshin, Giacomo Volpe, Barthelemy von Haller, I. Vorobyev, N. Vozniuk, Janka Vrlakova, J. Wan, C. Wang, D. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, Adam Tadeusz Wegrzynek, F. T. Weiglhofer, S. C. Wenzel, J. P. Wessels, Piotr Kazimierz Wiacek, J. Wiechuła, J. Wikne, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, J. Wilkinson, Guido Alexander Willems, Bernd Stefan Windelband, M. Winn, Josephina Rae Wright, Wenya Wu, Y. Wu, Z. Xiong, R. Xu, A. Yadav, Arun Kumar Yadav, Y. Yamaguchi, Shiming Yang, Satoshi YANO, Emma Rose Yeats, J. Yi, Zhongbao Yin, I.-K. Yoo, J. H. Yoon, H. Yu, S. Yuan, Alperen Yüncü, Valentina Zaccolo, Chiara Zampolli, F. Zanone, Nima Zardoshti, Andrey Zarochentsev, P. Závada, N. Zaviyalov, Mikhail Zhalov, Biao Zhang, C. Zhang, L. Zhang, M. Zhang, M. Zhang, Song Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Mingrui Zhao, V. Zherebchevskii, Y. Zhi, Dai-Mei Zhou, You Zhou, J. Zhu, S. Zhu, Y. Zhu, Stefan Cristi Zugravel, Nicola Zurlo · 发表于：The European Physical Journal A · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01615-4 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies、High-Energy Particle Collisions Research、Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions

Abstract The interaction between pions and nucleons plays a crucial role in hadron physics. It represents a fundamental building block of the low-energy QCD dynamics and is subject to several resonance excitations. This work studies the $$\text {p--}\uppi ^{\pm }$$ p-- π ± dynamics using femtoscopic correlations in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV measured by ALICE at the LHC. As the final-state interaction between protons and pions is well constrained by scattering experiments and the study of pionic hydrogen, the results give access to information on the particle-emitting source in pp collisions using the femtoscopy methods. The scaling of the source size of primordial protons and pions against their pair transverse mass is extracted. The results are compared with the source sizes studied with p–p, $$\text {p--K}^+$$ p--K + , and $$\uppi ^\pm $$ π ± – $$\uppi ^\pm $$ π ± pairs by ALICE in the same collision system and are found to be in agreement for the different particle pairs. This reinforces recent findings by ALICE of a common emission source for all hadron-pairs in pp collisions at LHC energies. Furthermore, the $$\text {p--p--}\uppi ^{\pm }$$ p--p-- π ± systems are studied using three-particle femtoscopy in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV. The presence of three-body effects is analyzed utilizing the cumulant expansion method. In this formalism, the known two-body interactions are subtracted in order to isolate the three-bo...