Spatiotemporal dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index and its multidimensional drivers in a rapidly urbanizing coastal city: A case study of Lianyungang, China (2000−2023)

作者：Xue Li, Haihong He, Dewei Wang, Yiming Sun, Yichen Qin, Ke Wang, Yu Han, Jiabao Tang, Wenli Qiao · 发表于：Ecological Informatics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103397 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Land Use and Ecosystem Services、Remote Sensing and Land Use、Environmental Changes in China

Coastal cities, as critical intersections of ecological integrity and human development, face escalating challenges from urbanization and climate change. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and its multidimensional drivers in Lianyungang, China (2000–2023), using multi-source remote sensing data and statistical methods such as Sen's slope and the Hurst exponent. Key findings reveal that NDVI exhibited significant growth (0.26 %/yr, p < 0.01), with medium–high coverage areas (NDVI 0.5–0.7) expanding from 36.69 % to 63.29 %. BEAST identified two critical changepoints in 2003 (probability: 21.41 %) and 2013 (probability: 23.96 %), delineating three phases. The early period (2000−2003) exhibited stable growth, with 62.3 % of areas exhibiting positive NDVI trends and widespread sustainability (weak + strong sustainability: 100 %). However, rapid urbanization during 2004–2013 triggered vegetation degradation, as evidenced by negative NDVI trends in 68.6 % of areas and a surge in anti-persistence (strong + weak anti-sustainability: 23.5 %). Post-2013, policy interventions facilitated recovery, with 56.0 % of areas regaining positive NDVI trends and strong sustainability increasing to 17.3 %. Geodetector revealed that anthropogenic drivers dominated NDVI dynamics. Land use remained the strongest factor (q = 0.306 in 2000 and 0.228 in 2020), while nighttime light (NTL) showed the sharpest increase (q = 0.082 to 0.194...