Analysis wheat wild relatives Thinopyrum intermedium and Roegneria kamoji genomes reveal different polyploid evolution paths

作者：Silong Sun, Naixiu Che, Liyang Chen, Yongchao Hao, Yongchang Xu, Qingyang Chen, Wenyang Ge, Shuangshuang Qin, Wenxiu Zhang, Chunmei Dong, Jianqiang Li, Yuxin Liu, Fangfang Yan, Long Han, Zhang‐Wei Liu, Liang Zhang, Chengzhi Jiang, Zujun Yang, Hongwei Wang, Lingrang Kong · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-025-63007-y · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology、Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics、Chromosomal and Genetic Variations

Many wild relatives of wheat in the Triticeae tribe provide important genetic resources for crop improvement, but their complex, polyploid genomes shaped by hybridization remain poorly understood. Here, we assemble and analyze the genomes of Thinopyrum intermedium and Roegneria kamoji, two species commonly used in wheat hybridization. We show that Th. intermedium contains genomic contributions from Pseudoroegneria (St), Dasypyrum (V), and Aegilops (J), while R. kamoji contains subgenomes related to Pseudoroegneria (St), Dasypyrum (V-related “Y”), and Hordeum (H). Phylogenomic evidence indicates that both species underwent independent polyploidization events, with Pseudoroegneria serving as the original maternal donor. R. kamoji likely evolved from tetraploid Roegneria. We also identify two Fhb7 homologs in the St and H subgenomes of R. kamoji that enhance Fusarium head blight resistance in a dosage-dependent manner. These findings refine the understanding of Triticeae polyploid evolution and offer valuable genomic resources for wheat improvement and forage breeding. Thinopyrum intermedium and Roegneria kamoji are wheat relatives commonly used in distant hybridization breeding program. Here, the authors report the genome assemblies of the two species and reveal their phylogenetic relationship and genome compositions.