The linkage between innate and adaptive immunity: Recent advances in antigen recognition, processing, and presentation in fish

作者：Liting Wu, Jianmin Ye, Jun Li · 发表于：Aquaculture and Fisheries · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.aaf.2025.07.002 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Aquaculture disease management and microbiota、Immune Response and Inflammation、Immune Cell Function and Interaction

Innate immunity in fish is critically important for preventing the entry of pathogenic microorganisms by adeptly recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Concurrently, the adaptive immune response equips the vertebrate immune system to identify and retain memory of specific pathogens, thereby facilitating enhanced secondary responses upon re-exposure. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are integral to this process, as they recognize antigens via mechanisms including PRRs, internalize them, and process these antigens for presentation to T cells. This interaction triggers the activation of both T cells and B cells, initiating a robust priming of the adaptive immune system and establishing a functional bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Antigen presentation serves as a pivotal mechanism for T cell activation and B cell differentiation, thereby leading to the establishment of effective antimicrobial protection. Vaccination of fish is of paramount importance for preventing specific infectious diseases and is economically and environmentally essential for the development of a sustainable fish aquaculture industry. The design of efficacious vaccines necessitates the establishment of long-term protection against specific antigenic challenges, with APCs occupying a central role in this endeavor. This review summarizes the most recent studies on fish antigen presentation pathways and elucidates the mechanisms involv...