Six-year retrospective analysis of the epidemiology and risk factors of multidrug-resistant bloodstream infections in oncology patients in Jiangxi, China

作者：Bin Xu, Xunsong Wang, Xiaohui Li, Muhammad Nadeem Khan, Muhammad Shafiq, Sabir Khan, Tao Yu, Rahat Ullah Khan, Ying Song, Hanman Qiu, Qiao‐Li Lv, Hazrat Bilal · 发表于：Microbiology Spectrum · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1128/spectrum.01468-25 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Neutropenia and Cancer Infections、Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria、Mycobacterium research and diagnosis

ABSTRACT Cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to their immunocompromised status. This retrospective study at Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (2019 to 2024) analyzed the bacterial spectrum, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of BSIs in cancer patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) in Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections. A total of 1,161 bacteria were isolated from 954 oncological patients in 1,095 BSI episodes. Among these, 62.79% were Gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli (40.88%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.07%) being the most prevalent. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 37.21% of isolates, with Staphylococcus aureus (26.16%) being the most common. Gram-negative infections were more prevalent in patients with breast, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic cancers, whereas Gram-positive infections were more common among those with lymphoma, head and neck, and lung cancers, as well as in patients undergoing invasive procedures. High resistance rates were observed against ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, and erythromycin, whereas tigecycline and nitrofurantoin exhibited low resistance rates among the tested bacterial isolates. Among Gram-negative bacteria, 5.48% were carbapenemase producers and 15.36% were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Moreover, methicillin resistance was observed in 36.04% ...