Replica symmetry breaking dynamics in high-order optical mode multi-Stokes coherent random fiber laser

作者：Yichun Li, Zepeng Zhong, Liang Zhang, Zizhou Wei, Diaa Khalil, Hussein E. Kotb, Heming Wei, Mengshi Zhu, Jianxiang Wen, Fufei Pang, Tingyun Wang, Xiaoyi Bao · 发表于：APL Photonics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1063/5.0273288 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Random lasers and scattering media、Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing、Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics

Replica symmetry breaking (RSB), as a distinctive phase transition occurring between the paramagnetic and spin glass states in magnetic systems, has been anticipated and validated in diverse complex systems. Random fiber lasers with intrinsic disorder feedback have proved to exhibit diverse RSB behaviors. To date, significant attention has been mainly focused on RSB phenomena in random fiber lasers that involve only the fundamental optical mode in optical fibers. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate the RSB observation and its transient dynamics of a high-order mode (HOM) random fiber laser based on Brillouin scattering and distributed Rayleigh scattering in a few-mode fibers, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. In this photonic system, the disorderness is not only provided by randomly distributed Rayleigh scattering and the active interplays among multiple orders of Stokes components but also by additional inter-modal couplings. Ultimately, diverse laser mode landscapes featured by unique random mode densities of the first-order Stokes emission can be aroused, accompanied by optically controlled RSB dynamics. The statistics evidentially show that Parisi’s order parameter q of the first-order HOM Stokes laser beam presents distinct distributions as per specific observation windows. Moreover, RSB dynamics in the proposed disorder system show a prominent dependence on the occurrence of multiple-order Stokes components and the mode purity of the HOM laser beam...