Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Ceramic Aerogels: Synergistic Strategies for Design and Functionalization

作者：Panpan Li, Xuan Zhang, Ying Li, Cunyi Zhao, Jianyong Yu, Yang Si · 发表于：Nano-Micro Letters · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s40820-025-01864-4 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication、Aerogels and thermal insulation、Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications

Ceramic aerogels (CAs) have emerged as a significant research frontier across various applications due to their lightweight, high porosity, and easily tunable structural characteristics. However, the intrinsic weak interactions among the constituent nanoparticles, coupled with the limited toughness of traditional CAs, make them susceptible to structural collapse or even catastrophic failure when exposed to complex mechanical external forces. Unlike 0D building units, 1D ceramic nanofibers (CNFs) possess a high aspect ratio and exceptional flexibility simultaneously, which are desirable building blocks for elastic CAs. This review presents the recent progress in electrospun ceramic nanofibrous aerogels (ECNFAs) that are constructed using ECNFs as building blocks, focusing on the various preparation methods and corresponding structural characteristics, strategies for optimizing mechanical performance, and a wide range of applications. The methods for preparing ECNFs and ECNFAs with diverse structures were initially explored, followed by the implementation of optimization strategies for enhancing ECNFAs, emphasizing the improvement of reinforcing the ECNFs, establishing the bonding effects between ECNFs, and designing the aggregate structures of the aerogels. Moreover, the applications of ECNFAs across various fields are also discussed. Finally, it highlights the existing challenges and potential opportunities for ECNFAs to achieve superior properties and realize promising prosp...