Metabolomic signatures reveal mechanisms of rumen-protected glutathione in mitigating oxidative stress and regulating inflammatory networks in transition dairy cows

作者：Yuxi Song, Yu Hao, Xuejie Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Rui Sun, Yunlong Bai, Xudong Sun, Chuang Xu, Cheng Xia · 发表于：Animal nutrition · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.aninu.2025.06.003 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Reproductive Physiology in Livestock、Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock、Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology

Glutathione (GSH) is widely found in animal cells and is essential for combating oxidative stress and inflammation. Whether dietary GSH alleviates these processes in dairy cows is unknown. The purpose of this research was to assess how supplementation with rumen-protected glutathione (RPG) influences oxidative stress, inflammation, and serum metabolites in transition dairy cows. One hundred multiparous Holstein cows (2.63 ± 0.76 of parity, 2.83 ± 0.18 of body condition score, 9388.53 ± 1242.48 kg of previous 305-day milk yield, 655.08 ± 58.05 kg of body weight, mean ± SD) were initially assigned to five treatment groups ( n = 20 per group) from a cohort of 3215 cows. After excluding cows with health disorders, 50 healthy cows were randomly divided into five dietary treatment groups: control (basal diet, n = 10), T1 (basal diet + 1.5 g/d RPG, n = 10), T2 (basal diet + 2.0 g/d RPG, n = 10), T3 (basal diet + 3.0 g/d RPG, n = 10), and T4 (basal diet + 3.0 g/d GSH, n = 10). Supplementation began approximately 21 days (±3) before the expected calving date and continued until 21 days postpartum. Blood samples were obtained at specific intervals (-21 ± 3, -14 ± 3, -7 ± 3, 0, 7, 14, and 21 days) to measure serum metabolic parameters associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Milk composition analysis was conducted using samples collected on postpartum days 3, 7, 14, and 21. The results showed that RPG-supplemented cows (T1, T2, and T3) had greater levels of serum GSH content c...