Dental trauma in children: monitoring, management, and challenges—a narrative review

作者：Yaxin Wang, Xinyuan Wang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Liang Qiao, Lu Ye, Liqun Zhou, Jiajia Zhao · 发表于：Translational Pediatrics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.21037/tp-2025-243 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Dental Trauma and Treatments、Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments、dental development and anomalies

Background and Objective: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in children pose a significant public health challenge, with a global prevalence of 20-30%. These injuries predominantly affect preschool-aged children (1-3 years) due to underdeveloped motor coordination, while school-aged children face risks from sports and accidents. Maxillary central incisors are most commonly involved, often leading to complications such as pulp necrosis, root resorption, and malocclusion, which impair long-term oral function and aesthetics. Socioeconomic disparities exacerbate outcomes, with higher prevalence and severity in low-resource settings. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the classification, risk factors, diagnostic advancements, and management strategies for pediatric TDI, focusing on emerging technologies and biologically driven therapies. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, prioritizing studies from the past decade (2015-2025). Key topics included epidemiology, International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) classification, pulp vitality assessment (e.g., laser Doppler flowmetry, pulse oximetry), regenerative endodontics, and preventive interventions. Key Content and Findings: The IADT guidelines provide a standardized framework for TDI classification and management. Modern diagnostic tools improve accuracy in detecting pulp vitality and root fractures. Bioceramic materials and stem ce...