The Prognostic Accuracy of Frailty and Vulnerability Screening for Older Adults in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

作者：Nai‐Wen Ku, Yu-Chi Hsu, Jasmine Mudhur, Juan Li, N. Jebanesan, Lusine Abrahamyan, Chu‐Lin Tsai, Shabbir M.H. Alibhai, Martine Puts · 发表于：Annals of Emergency Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.05.018 · 被引用次数：13 · 研究领域：Frailty in Older Adults、Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes、Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Frailty and vulnerability are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in older adults, yet the optimal screening tool for predicting adverse outcomes in the emergency department (ED) remains unclear. Our question is: Which frailty or vulnerability screening instrument has the highest prognostic accuracy for adverse outcomes in older adults visiting the ED? METHODS: We included observational studies involving patients aged more than or equal to 60 years presenting to the ED that applied frailty or vulnerability instruments and reported sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and CNKI through January 2025. Study quality was assessed using an updated the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Two investigators independently screened studies. Meta-analysis was conducted for instruments with consistent cutoffs reported in more than or equal to 4 studies. RESULTS: Fifty-seven studies (125,412 patients) assessed 39 instruments with varied cutoffs. The Identification of Seniors at Risk and Clinical Frailty Scale were studied most. Most tools demonstrated high sensitivity but low specificity. For 30-day mortality, pooled Identification of Seniors at Risk estimates were as follows: sensitivity 92% (95% confidence interval, 84 to 96), specificity 37% (26 to 50), likelihood ratio (LR)+ 1.47 (1.25 to 1.79), LR- 0.24 (0.11 to 0.42), and AUC 0.84 (0.60-0.89). Clinical Frailty Scale (cut-off of mo...