The prevalence and clinical correlates of severe anxiety symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia: a Chinese population study

作者：Ping Xu, Shanshan Wu, Jie Zhao, Junjun Liu, Xiangyang Zhang · 发表于：BMC Psychiatry · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12888-025-07197-1 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Schizophrenia research and treatment、Tryptophan and brain disorders、Cardiac Health and Mental Health

OBJECTIVE: Although anxiety symptoms frequently co-occur with schizophrenia and may substantially influence disease progression and treatment outcomes, systematic investigations of this comorbidity remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlations of severe anxiety symptoms among Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naive (FEDN) schizophrenia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 255 FEDN schizophrenia patients. Comprehensive clinical and demographic data were collected from all participants. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed using PANSS, while anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated using the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14) and the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24), respectively. Participants were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of severe anxiety symptoms, defined by a HAMA score ≥ 29. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify potential correlates associated with severe anxiety symptoms in FEDN schizophrenia patients. RESULTS: The prevalence of severe anxiety symptoms among patients with FEDN schizophrenia was 51.8% (132/255). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that both elevated HAMD-24 scores (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11-1.22, p < 0.001) and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (OR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.53-14.4, p = 0.007) were independently associated with increased risk of severe anxiety symptoms. ...