Global, regional, and national burden and trends of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in adolescents and adults aged 15–49 years from 2010 to 2021: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021

作者：Kunping Cui, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Wei Liu, Lang Bai · 发表于：BMC Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12916-025-04269-7 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology、Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis、Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) among those aged 15-49 years pose a severe public health challenge, yet our understanding of the burden of these diseases in this age group remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the trends in MDR-TB and XDR-TB burden among this population from 2010 to 2021 across global, regional, and national levels. METHODS: This study extracted four key indicators-incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 100,000 population-for MDR-TB and XDR-TB among 15-49 years from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. It assessed the burden trends using percentage change (PC) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), with further analysis by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). RESULTS: In 2021, the global incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs of MDR-TB among adolescents and young adults were 241,399, 336,746, 33,285, and 1,896,002, respectively. Global MDR-TB incidence and DALYs rates showed slight decreases since 2010, with EAPCs of -0.76 and -2.61, respectively. In 2021, the global incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs of XDR-TB among adolescents and young adults were 12,861, 14,039, 2442, and 133,610, respectively. Since 2010, global XDR-TB incidence rates have increased, with an EAPC of 0.57, while prevalence and death rates have decreased, with EAPCs of - 2.67 and - 2.87, respectively. The incidence and prevalence rates o...