Trends Over Time in Cognitive Outcomes of Children Born Very Preterm

作者：Soodabeh Behboodi, Anna Chaimani, Valérie Benhammou, E. Sabrina Twilhaar, Samantha Johnson, Jennifer Zeitlin, Mariane Sentenac · 发表于：Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.2221 · 被引用次数：25 · 研究领域：Infant Development and Preterm Care、Neonatal and fetal brain pathology、Neonatal Respiratory Health Research

Importance: Progress in perinatal care has improved survival for children born very preterm (VPT), but these children remain at higher risk of cognitive impairment compared with children born at term. Objective: To synthesize cohort studies on childhood cognitive ability following VPT birth to investigate trends over time. Data Sources: All studies from 5 previous meta-analyses of VPT birth and cognition published before 2019 were included, and PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycInfo were searched for new studies published up to June 2024. Study Selection: Studies reporting IQ scores of children (aged <18 years) born VPT (<32 weeks' gestational age [GA] or birth weight <1500 g) with a term-born comparison group were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and evaluated study quality using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Unique cohorts were identified to avoid duplicate measures from studies on the same children. Main Outcomes and Measures: The standardized mean difference (SMD) of IQ scores between VPT-born and term-born children was calculated, and mixed-effects metaregression was used to investigate linear and nonlinear associations between median birth year and the SMD. The main analysis focused on cohorts with IQ measured between 4 and 7 years of age to allow comparison at similar assessment ages. Secondary analyses were conducted in all cohorts using IQ obtained at the latest assessment age. Re...