Global Prevalence of Hypertension in Children and Adolescents Younger Than 19 Years

作者：Xiaorui Ruan, Anji Zhu, Tingting Wang, Mengting Sun, Kebin Chen, Manjun Luo, Zhanwen Li, Qi Zou, Ye Chen, Peng Yuan, Jiabi Qin · 发表于：Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.2206 · 被引用次数：22 · 研究领域：Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies、Sodium Intake and Health、Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension

Importance: Pediatric hypertension predicts adult hypertension and early target organ damage, yet global prevalence estimates based on different diagnostic principles remain scarce. Objective: To estimate global pediatric hypertension prevalence according to different diagnostic principles. Data Sources: Several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang Database, were systematically searched from inception to July 7, 2024. Study Selection: Studies were included if they were original investigations in children and adolescents younger than 19 years, represented the general population, and provided data on hypertension prevalence. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data screening and extraction were performed independently by 2 authors. A random-effects model was used to estimate prevalence. Temporal trends, as well as regional and population differences, were explored. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and the Egger test. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was pediatric hypertension, categorized into sustained hypertension (persistent diagnosis confirmed on ≥3 separate occasions) and occasional hypertension (initial diagnosis determined by blood pressure measurements on a single screening visit). Results: A total of 271 studies involving 16 328 individuals with sustained hypertensi...