B10 cell-induced PD-L1/PD-1-linked macrophage polarization in periodontitis

作者：Linxi Zhou, Mingyue Fan, Lunguo Xia, Yahong Chen, Xiaozhe Han, Bing Fang · 发表于：Journal of Translational Internal Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1515/jtim-2025-0038 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Immune cells in cancer、Immune Response and Inflammation、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Abstract Background and Objectives Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease caused by the excessive host immune response to bacterial infection, leading to periodontal tissue destruction. Owing to their plasticity, macrophages are key players in this process, and B10 cells, with their immunosuppressive efects, are vital for periodontal immunity. We propose that, in periodontitis, B10 cells transmit immunosuppressive signals via programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) /programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) signalling, stimulating macrophage diferentiation, alleviating inflammation, restoring homeostasis, and reducing alveolar bone resorption. The aim of this study was to investigate the efect of B10 cells on the polarization of macrophages in the context of periodontitis and the related molecular mechanism. Methods B10 cells were cocultured with RAW264.7 cells in the presence or absence of a Transwell insert. The M2 macrophage proportion and PD-1 expression in macrophages were assessed by flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). PD-L1 knockout (KO) B10 cells and wild-type B10 cells were subsequently cocultured with macrophages separately. For in vivo experiments, we injected phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), B10 cells, or PD-L1 KO B10 cells into periodontitis model mice. We evaluated outcomes via microcomputed tomography, histological analysis, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and measured the messenger ribon...