Sialic Acid-Loaded Nanoliposomes with Enhanced Stability and Transdermal Delivery for Synergistic Anti-Aging, Skin Brightening, and Barrier Repair

作者：Fan Yang, Hua Wang, Dan Luo, Jun Deng, Yawen Hu, Zhi Liu, Wei Liu · 发表于：Pharmaceutics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/pharmaceutics17080956 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Skin Protection and Aging、Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds、Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery

Objectives: Sialic acid (SA), a naturally occurring compound abundantly found in birds’ nests, holds immense promise for skincare applications owing to its remarkable biological properties. However, its low bioavailability, poor stability, and limited skin permeability have constrained its widespread application. Methods: To overcome these challenges, SA was encapsulated within nanoliposomes (NLPs) by the high-pressure homogenization technique to develop an advanced and efficient transdermal drug delivery system. The skincare capabilities of this novel system were comprehensively evaluated across multiple experimental platforms, including in vitro cell assays, 3D skin models, in vivo zebrafish studies, and clinical human trials. Results: The SA-loaded NLPs (SA-NLPs) substantially improved the transdermal penetration and retention of SA, facilitating enhanced cellular uptake and cell proliferation. Compared to free SA, SA-NLPs demonstrated a 246.98% increase in skin retention and 1.8-fold greater cellular uptake in HDF cells. Moreover, SA-NLPs protected cells from oxidative stress-induced damage, stimulated collagen synthesis, and effectively suppressed the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, tyrosinase activity, and melanin production. Additionally, zebrafish-based assays provided in vivo evidence of the skincare efficacy of SA-NLPs. Notably, clinical evaluations demonstrated that a 56-day application of the SA-NLPs-containing cream resulted in a 4.20% increase in L*, 7.8...