Rapid, sensitive, and species-independent detection of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleoprotein and GP38 antibodies

作者：Elif Karaaslan, Cheng‐Feng Chiang, Gülter Öncü Kurutaş, Orçun Barkay, Nesibe Selma Çetin Güler, Merve Yazıcı Kalkan, Hanife Nur Karakoç, Özlem Akdoğan, Aysel Kocagül Çelikbaş, Firdevs Aksoy, Umut Devrim Binay, Nurcan Baykam, Gürdal Yılmaz, Mohammad M. Sajadi, Scott D. Pegan, John D. Klena, Joel M. Montgomery, Faruk Karakeçili, Ahmet Kalkan, Mehmet Ziya Doymaz, Christina F. Spiropoulou, Éric Bergeron · 发表于：EBioMedicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105857 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Viral Infections and Vectors、Mosquito-borne diseases and control、Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research

BACKGROUND: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a zoonotic agent in the Nairoviridae family (genus Orthonairovirus), is a high-priority pathogen. CCHFV infection causes Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a human disease with case fatality rates of up to 40%. Serological surveillance of CCHFV in animals and humans is crucial for ecological studies and public health. METHODS: We developed CCHFV mix-and-read assays utilizing split-NanoLuc technology (NanoBiT) to detect anti-CCHFV antibodies against the nucleoprotein (NP) stalk region and the GP38 glycoprotein. These species- and isotype-agnostic assays provide results in ∼30 min. Using serum samples from RT-PCR-confirmed CCHF cases collected during and after hospitalization, we investigated anti-NP and anti-GP38 antibody development. The performance of the mix-and-read assays was compared to the NP-based IDScreen® CCHF commercial assay using human sera, and cross-reactivity potential was evaluated using a diverse panel of anti-orthonairovirus antisera raised in mice. FINDINGS: In human convalescent cases (n = 21), mix-and-read assay concordance between anti-GP38 and anti-NP antibody detection was 100%. Both mix-and-read assays and IDScreen® CCHF demonstrated identical sensitivity of 95.2% in convalescent patients. The specificity of the NP assay was 98.9%, and that of GP38 was 99.7%, both comparable to IDScreen® CCHF (specificity: 99.7%). Cross-reactivity against CCHF NP and GP38, regardless of assay type, was pr...