Immunosuppressive cells in acute myeloid leukemia: mechanisms and therapeutic target

作者：Mengnan Liu, Mengting Yang, Yue Qi, Yuting Ma, Qulian Guo, Ling Guo, Chunyan Liu, Wenjun Liu, Lan Xiao, You Yang · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2025.1627161 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Immune cells in cancer、Immune Cell Function and Interaction、Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research

Immunotherapy has emerged as a cornerstone strategy for augmenting therapeutic efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The immunosuppressive AML microenvironment, characterized by profound immune dysfunction, critically impairs anti-leukemic immune surveillance. This immunologically hostile niche is principally governed by specialized immunosuppressive cell populations-notably regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), leukemia-associated macrophages (LAMs), and regulatory B cells (Bregs)-which collectively establish an immune-privileged sanctuary for leukemic cells. This review critically examines three fundamental aspects of these immunosuppressive regulators in AML pathogenesis: (1) their recruitment dynamics within the leukemic niche, (2) the molecular mechanisms underlying their immunosuppressive functions, and (3) current and emerging therapeutic approaches designed to neutralize their inhibitory effects. Through this comprehensive analysis, we aim to provide a mechanistic framework for developing more effective immunotherapeutic interventions against AML.