Deciphering the mitigating role of silicon on tomato seedlings under lambda cyhalothrin and difenoconazole coexposure

作者：Nabil Touzout, Adil Mihoub, Iftikhar Ahmad, Sabrina Lekmine, Hichem Tahraoui, Feriel Krache, Ehsan Ali, Sarfraz Hussain, Subhan Danish, Abdeltif Amrane, Hossam S. El‐Beltagi, Nazih Y. Rebouh · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-12123-2 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Silicon Effects in Agriculture、Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals、Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance

The multiple contamination of pesticides are common in farmland soil. However, there is a noteworthy knowledge gap regarding the ecophysiological response of co-exposure of pesticides on non-target crops under such conditions. Silicon (Si) was chosen to alleviate pesticides phytotoxicity due to its ability to improve plant growth and adaptive responses against xenobiotics exposure. This study explores the mechanisms of combined effects of lambda-cyhalothrin (CM), a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and difenoconazole (DIF), a systemic triazole fungicide induced phytotoxicity and the potential of Si to alleviate CM + DIF toxicity by regulating growth, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant defense in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. The results showed that tomato growth and chlorophyll biosynthesis was significantly inhibited by individual and combined stress of CM and DIF, possibly due to induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, the extent of lipid peroxidation was much higher under CM and DIF co-exposure than under CM and DIF only, as indicated by MDA level, thus indicating the synergistic effect of pesticide on oxidative damage. Moreover, pesticide exposure significantly improved ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, reduced glutathione, and proline in tomato seedlings compared to control. Our study demonstrates that Si improves tomato seedling's tolerance to CM + DIF toxicity by enhancing pesticides metabolism through GSH-GST detoxification enz...