Advancing Iontronic Devices: The Role of Materials Design in Enhancing Energy Efficiency

作者：Hanfeng Zhou, Julia Grothe, Stefan Kaskel · 发表于：ECS Meeting Abstracts · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1149/ma2025-01633065mtgabs · 研究领域：Semiconductor materials and devices

Iontronic devices with low capacitance have pioneered the foundation for ionic-electronic coupling, but their limited charge storage restricts performance in advanced applications. 1–3 To address this, nanoporous carbons, as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs), standed out due to their super-high specific surface area (SSA), controllable pore size, and high electric double-layer (EDL) capacitance, offering high rectification, long lifespan, and low energy consumption of iontronic devices. 4–6 Recent developments include two-terminal diodes in capacitive analogues (CAPodes) and three-terminal transistors (G-Cap) with high on/off ratios in porous carbon-based SCs. 7,8 Asymmetric carbons, featuring varied pore sizes and mass loadings, have demonstrated exceptional rectification performance. 9,10 High-SSA carbons also serve as gate electrodes, facilitating charge compensation and enabling faster, reversible ion adsorption/desorption. This enhances device performance by increasing charge storage capacity, mobility, on/off current ratios and especially lower operational voltage. Hybrid materials, combining EDL carbons with metal oxides and other advanced materials, have also been proposed to achieve these low-energy consumption advantages. 4,6 , 11,12 Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of SCs and the interplay of advanced materials is critical for driving innovation in iontronic devices. These insights are essential not only for improving current devices b...