Sex differences in the association between atherogenic index of plasma and α-klotho: insights from a community-based cohort

作者：Xiaoyan Tang, Jie Liu, Hongwei Li, Zili Chen, Yang Li, Rui Du · 发表于：Annals of Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1080/07853890.2025.2534091 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments、Blood properties and coagulation、Magnesium in Health and Disease

Background The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a marker of lipid imbalance and cardiovascular risk, while α-Klotho is an anti-aging protein involved in oxidative stress and inflammation regulation. Although both are linked to cardiovascular and metabolic health, the relationship between AIP and α-Klotho, particularly regarding sex differences, remains unclear.Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a community-based cohort drawn from five consecutive cycles of the NHANES (January 2007 – December 2016). A total of 4,897 participants aged 40 to 79 years were included. Weighted multivariate linear regression models assessed the association between AIP and serum α-Klotho (SαKl) levels, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates. Sex-stratified analyses explored potential effect modification.Results Mean ± SE SαKl level was 869.9 ± 8.6 pg/mL in females and 826.6 ± 10.2 pg/mL in males; mean ± SE AIP values were −0.09 ± 0.01 and 0.05 ± 0.01, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the third (Q3) and fourth (Q4) AIP quartiles had significantly lower SαKl than those in Q1 (Q3: β = −40.32; 95% CI: −75.89, −4.75; p = 0.031, Q4: β = −41.03; 95% CI: −80.27, −1.78; p = 0.046). Sex-stratified analysis showed a stronger inverse association in females (Q3: β = −73.13; 95% CI: −123.58, −22.69; p = 0.006, Q4: β = −99.79; 95% CI: −154.68, −44.89; p < 0.001), whereas no significant relationship was observed in male.Conclusion AIP is inversely associated w...