Customized 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation: A Scoping Review of Workflows, Technology, and Materials

作者：Saeed A. Elrefaei, Lucrezia Parma‐Benfenati, Rana Dabaja, Paolo Nava, Hom‐Lay Wang, Muhammad H. A. Saleh · 发表于：Medicina · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/medicina61071269 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes、Bone Tissue Engineering Materials、Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments

Background and Objectives: Bone regeneration (BR) is a cornerstone technique in reconstructive dental surgery, traditionally using either barrier membranes, titanium meshes, or perforated non-resorbable membranes to facilitate bone regeneration. Recent advancements in 3D technology, including CAD/CAM and additive manufacturing, have enabled the development of customized scaffolds tailored to patient needs, potentially overcoming the limitations of conventional methods. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2025 to identify studies on digital technologies applied to bone augmentation. Eligible studies encompassed randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series, and case reports, all published in English. Data regarding digital workflows, software, materials, printing techniques, and sterilization methods were extracted from 23 studies published between 2015 and 2024. Results: The review highlights a diverse range of digital workflows, beginning with CBCT-based DICOM to STL conversion using software such as Mimics and Btk-3D®. Customized titanium meshes and other meshes like Poly Ether-Ether Ketone (PEEK) meshes were produced via techniques including direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and five-axis milling. Although titanium remained the predominant material, studies ...