Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances the efficacy of wearable transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for mild knee osteoarthritis in the middle-aged person: a randomized controlled trial

作者：Chun-Ya Xia, Hao-Zhi Niu, Xinwen Zhang, Si-Yan Cai, Ying-Jie Fan, Tianpei Xie, Peng-Xia Dong, Xiaotao Zu, Zishan Su, Xingsheng Lu, Yonggang Hao, Su Min · 发表于：BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12891-025-08924-1 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation、Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies、Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of wearable transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the middle-aged person with mild knee osteoarthritis (KOA). DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized clinical trial. SETTING: A general hospital. SUBJECTS: Participants aged 60-70 with mild KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1-2). INTERVENTIONS: The experimental group received TENS + tDCS, and the control group received TENS + sham tDCS for four weeks from Monday through Friday. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The secondary outcomes included participants' Visual Analog Scale (VAS), step length, cadence, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), active knee range of motion (ROM), and quadriceps strength. The indexes were assessed one week before treatment (T0), two weeks after treatment commencement (T1), four weeks after treatment commencement (T2), one month after treatment cessation (T3), and two months after treatment cessation (T4). RESULTS: A total of 110 participants (55 per group) completed the intervention and follow-up. Repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that tDCS significantly improved the efficacy of TENS in alleviating pain and enhancing walking ability among patients with mild KOA. Statistically significant differences in BPI scores were observed between the experimental and control groups at T1 (2.16 vs. 2.45, P = 0.038), T2 (1.17 vs. 1.73, P < 0.001), and T3 (2.17 vs. 2.41, P = 0.021). However...