Thermal Stability and Eutectic Point of Chloride-Based High-Temperature Molten Salt Energy Systems

作者：Sunghyun Yoo, Jihun Kim, Sungyeol Choi, Jeong Ik Lee · 发表于：Energies · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/en18143616 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics、Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes、Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production

In response to the growing impact of the climate crisis, many countries are accelerating efforts to develop sustainable and carbon-free energy solutions. This has led to increasing interest in advanced energy storage and conversion technologies, particularly the development of high-temperature molten salt energy systems. Among these, chloride salt-based molten salt systems, which offer excellent thermal properties such as high thermal conductivity, low melting points, and favorable chemical stability, are emerging as strong candidates for thermal energy storage and heat-transfer applications. This study focuses on deriving key thermophysical properties essential for selecting suitable molten salt heat-transfer fluids by examining their eutectic points and thermal stability with respect to various salt compositions. Three chloride mixtures—NaCl-MgCl2, NaCl-KCl-MgCl2, and NaCl-KCl-ZnCl2—were evaluated for potential use in high-temperature molten salt energy systems. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to measure the melting points and thermal stability of molten salts with various compositions near their eutectic regions. Experimental results were compared with predicted eutectic points to assess the thermal performance of each salt mixture. The findings indicate that the NaCl-KCl-MgCl2 mixture exhibits the most promising characteristics, including a low melting point below 400 °C and superior thermal stability, making it h...