Advanced Nanomedicines for Treating Refractory Inflammation-Related Diseases

作者：Xiuxiu Wang, Xinran Song, Wei Feng, Meiqi Chang, Jishun Yang, Qing Chen · 发表于：Nano-Micro Letters · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s40820-025-01829-7 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications、Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

This review examines inflammation as a physiological defense mechanism against infectious agents, physical trauma, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and metabolic stress, which, under dysregulated conditions, may progress into chronic diseases. Nanomedicine, which integrates nanotechnology with medicine, suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways and overexpressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as ROS, to address inflammation-related pathologies. Current advances in nanomaterial design and synthesis strategies are systematically analyzed, with parallel discussions on toxicity mechanisms, influencing factors, and evaluation methods that are critical for clinical translation. Applications of functional nanomaterials are highlighted in the context of refractory inflammatory conditions, including wound healing, gastrointestinal disorders, and immune, neurological, or circulatory diseases, along with targeted delivery strategies. Persistent challenges in nanomedicine development, such as biocompatibility optimization, precise biodistribution control, and standardized toxicity assessment, are critically assessed. By bridging material innovation with therapeutic efficacy, this review establishes a framework for advancing nanomedicine to improve treatment outcomes while addressing translational barriers.