Source apportionment of PM10 based on offline chemical speciation data at 24 European sites

作者：Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Bowen Jin, Tao Wang, Siyuan Qian, Jin Zou, Vy Ngoc Thuy Dinh, Jean‐Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Pamela Dominutti, Sophie Darfeuil, Olivier Favez, Sébastien Conil, Nicolas Marchand, Sonia Castillo, Jesús de la Rosa, Stuart K. Grange, Christoph Hueglin, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas, Maria I. Gini, S. Nava, Giulia Calzolai, Célia Alves, Marta Monge, Cristina Reche, Roy M. Harrison, Philip K. Hopke, Andrés Alástuey, Xavier Querol · 发表于：npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41612-025-01097-7 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：Air Quality and Health Impacts、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols、Vehicle emissions and performance

This study applied Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to PM 10 speciation datasets from 24 urban sites across six European countries (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland) to perform a detailed source apportionment (SA) analysis. By using a consistent source apportionment tool for all datasets, the study enhances the comparability of PM 10 SA results across urban Europe. The results identified seven major PM 10 sources including road traffic, biomass burning, crustal/mineral sources, secondary aerosols, industrial emissions, sea salt, and heavy oil combustion (HOC). Road traffic emerged as the predominant source of PM 10 in urban areas, with contributions varying by location, but representing as much as 41% in high-traffic zones. Biomass burning was detected at 23 sites, contributing 8% to 41% on yearly averages, with substantial increase in winter. Crustal sources were present at all sites (3–33%). Industrial sources contributed relatively less PM 10 mass, which was identified at 10 sites with contributions ranging from 2% to 14%. Secondary inorganic and organic aerosol, consisting primarily of ammonium nitrates and sulfates, and organic matter, formed a portion of the PM 10 mass (5–41%). These secondary factors are primarily influenced by anthropogenic emissions, including the various combustion processes. Sea salt, predominantly found in coastal areas, contributed between 4% and 21%, reflecting the impact of the marine environments on air quality. This ...