Antibacterial effects and mechanisms of graphene oxide loaded on TiO2-nanotube-modified ti: an in vitro study

作者：Keyi Wu, Xu Cao, Bin Luo, Caiyun Wang, Ran Lu, Xin Wang, Su Chen · 发表于：BMC Oral Health · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12903-025-06453-w · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications、Bone Tissue Engineering Materials、Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Peri-implant inflammation is an important factor affecting the success rate of dental implants. Improving the antibacterial performance of implants is an effective method to prevent and treat peri-implant inflammation. METHODS: In this study, Graphene oxide (GO) was loaded onto Titanium (Ti) dioxide nanotubes (TNT) to produce a material with good antibacterial effects and biocompatibility. TNT was prepared through anodization, and GO-loaded TNT-modified Ti (TNT-GO) was synthesized through electrodeposition. The materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Standard plate counting assay, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and fluorescence staining were used to assess the antibacterial effects of the samples. Bacterial morphology observations were conducted to explore the antibacterial mechanisms via SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay. Cell proliferation and morphological observations of the materials were performed to test the biocompatibility of TNT-GO. RESULTS: The characteristic peaks of graphene oxide on TNT-GO were detected by Raman spectra. The results of contact angle test and AFM show that TNT-GO had the greatest hydrophilicity and the largest surface roughness. When P. gingivalis was cultured on the sample surfaces, the TNT-GO demonstrated the lowest...