Insights into Carbon-Based Aerogels Toward High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Review of Strategies for Sulfur Incorporation Within Carbon Aerogel Frameworks

作者：Yue Gao, Dun Liu, Yi Zhao, Dongdi Yang, Lugang Zhang, Fei Sun, Xiaoxiao Wang · 发表于：Gels · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/gels11070516 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Advancements in Battery Materials、Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), possessing excellent theoretical capacities, advanced theoretical energy densities, low cost, and nontoxicity, are one of the most promising energy storage battery systems. However, some issues, including poor conductivity of elemental S, the "shuttle effect" of high-order lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), and sluggish reaction kinetics, hinder the commercialization of LSBs. To solve these problems, various carbon-based aerogels with developed surface morphology, tunable pores, and electrical conductivity have been examined for immobilizing sulfur, mitigating its volume variation and enhancing its electrochemical kinetics. In this paper, an extensive generalization about the effective preparation methods of carbon-based aerogels comprising the combined method of carbonization with the gelation of precursors and drying processes (ambient pressure drying, freeze-drying, and supercritical drying) is proposed. And we summarize various carbon carbon-based aerogels, mainly including graphene aerogels (Gas) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogels as cathodes, separators, and interlayers in LSBs. In addition, the mechanism of action of carbon-based aerogels in LSBs is described. Finally, we conclude with an outlook section to provide some insights into the application of carbon-based aerogels in electrochemical energy storage devices. Based on the discussion and proposed recommendations, we provide more approaches on nanomaterials in...