Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Jing Li, Jinzhu Li, Jie Jin, Ruiqin Zhang, Rong Li, Xian Xu, Yu Wang, Xinghe Hu, Lu Wang, Siyuan Yu · 发表于：Frontiers in Endocrinology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fendo.2025.1621932 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Cancer Risks and Factors、Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer、Gestational Diabetes Research and Management

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a prevalent metabolic complication during pregnancy, has a global prevalence of approximately 14%. Its onset is closely associated with insulin resistance, insufficient compensatory function of β - cells, and abnormal placental function. Epidemiological studies have indicated that type 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. However, the association between GDM and the risk of breast cancer remains controversial. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively evaluate the association between GDM and the risk of breast cancer and explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods: This study systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases, covering the period from establishing each database until April 14, 2025. Two researchers extracted relevant data and assessed the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The study evaluated inter-study heterogeneity using the I² statistic. Based on the magnitude of heterogeneity, fixed-effect or random-effect models were employed to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, funnel plot analyses, and publication bias assessments were performed. All data analyses were conducted using STATA 17 software. Results: The overall analysis revealed no significant association between GDM an...