Akkermansia muciniphila ‐Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Mastitis: Insights From In Vitro and Vivo Studies

作者：Boqi Zhang, Nan Wang, Guitian He, Tong Chen, Jinxin Zong, Caomeihui Shen, Yueying Wang, C. Li, C. Li, Xuanqi Yin, Yang Meng, Fuqiang Chang, Sihui Wang, Chunjin Li, Chunjin Li, Xu Zhou · 发表于：The FASEB Journal · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1096/fj.202500877rr · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows、Infant Nutrition and Health、Immune responses and vaccinations

ABSTRACT Mastitis is a major disease affecting the dairy industry. Although antibiotics are the most prevalent treatment for mastitis, their overuse presents significant risks to public health. Probiotic therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for controlling mastitis, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the efficacy and mechanisms of specific probiotics in treating this condition. Here, we investigate the potential of Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. muciniphila ) and its derived outer membrane vesicles (AOMVs) as therapeutic agents for mastitis. Significant differences in microbial communities were identified through an analysis of the microbiota composition in milk from healthy and mastitis cows. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in mastitis milk. Furthermore, we evaluated the roles of live and pasteurized A. muciniphila in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC‐T). Compared to pasteurized A. muciniphila , live A. muciniphila exhibited a stronger anti‐inflammatory effect, notably inhibiting the TLR4 and NF‐κB signaling pathways. We also demonstrated that these effects of A. muciniphila may be mediated through AOMVs. Subsequently, the therapeutic potential of AOMVs was evaluated in vivo using an LPS‐induced mastitis mouse model. The results demonstrated th...