Asymmetric Deformation Induced by Underground Mining: A Case Study of a Mine in Shaanxi, China

作者：Xuesong Zhang, Chenglong Zhang, Zhenhong Li, Yu LI, Yanbo Cao, Ying Zhao, Jiawei Zhou, Kelu He, Xianghui Wang · 发表于：IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1109/jstars.2025.3584525 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Geomechanics and Mining Engineering、Geoscience and Mining Technology、Rock Mechanics and Modeling

Geohazards resulting from mining activities must be effectively monitored to mitigate their impact on the environment and human activities. Geohazards such as landslides and collapses caused by open-pit mining are relatively easier to monitor because they are primarily surface-based. In contrast, underground mining disrupts the stress balance in the overlying rock layers, leading to complex settlement patterns, including subsidence basins, cracks, and groundwater depletion. This complexity makes monitoring geohazards caused by underground mining particularly challenging, as it depends on subsurface stress conditions and structural complexity. Previous studies have shown that land subsidence caused by horizontal/near-horizontal longwall mining methods is typically symmetrical. However, asymmetry can occur under complex conditions. In this paper, asymmetric land subsidence caused by coal mining activities in Shaanxi, China, over the past decade is investigated using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) supplemented by field investigations and geophysical experiments. The results indicate that the mining across multiple working faces over the years has led to the formation of a large subsidence funnel above the working faces with a cumulative subsidence of more than 900 mm in the centre area, in addition to the formation of a new subsidence centre. Moreover, asymmetric surface deformation has also occurred, with both the extent and magnitude of deformation being grea...